2022年高一上学期期末模拟预测卷（北京卷）01-英语（解析版）

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2022年高一上学期期末模拟预测卷01【北京卷】英语试题（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：100分）注意事项：1、本试卷共100分。考试时长90分钟。2、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。3、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inthefirstpartofmyfreshmanyear,Iwasfineandearnedgoodgrades.ThenIbecametoo___1___withmywork.IhadsomanyactivitiesthatIhardlyhadtimetorelaxmyself.Thenmy___2___begandropping.MyfriendsleftmebecauseInolongerenjoyedbeingwiththem.WhenIwenttomydoctor,heseemedvery___3___,eventhougheverythingphysicalappearedallright.Whenhewasdone,hetoldmethatwehadtotalkaboutmy___4___,andhowmybehaviorhadchanged.WhenItoldhimIwasallright,hesaidthatIdidn’tshowmyrealfeelings.Bythenmyhairwasfallingoutinlargeclumps,whichmadememore___5___.IfeltasifIcouldnotevenleavemyhouse.Finally,Imetwithatherapist(治疗专家).Shediagnosedmewithananxietydisorder.Iwasrelievedtoknowwhatwaswrong,andthatthingwould___6___.Iworehatstocovermybaldhead.Irealizedthatitdoesn’tmatterwhatIlooklikeontheoutside;itismycharacterthatcounts.Thingsbegantolookup.I___7___worryingasmuch.Myhairslowlygrewback,sodidmy___8___.Ibegantoleavethehouseandinteractwithothers.Thatyear,Iagaintriedhardinschool,butImadesureIdidn’toverloadmyself.Ibecameoneofthetopstudentsinmyclass,agoalIhadnever___9___before.It’sfunnyhowsomethingbadhadtohappentomakemerealizehow____10____lifereallyis.1．A．busyB．carefulC．pleasedD．content2．A．moneyB．luckC．gradesD．skills3．A．disappointedB．worriedC．excitedD．moved4．A．attitudeB．schoolC．friendsD．feelings5．A．disappointedB．anxiousC．satisfiedD．relaxed6．A．improveB．worsenC．endD．happen7．A．dislikedB．mindedC．stoppedD．enjoyed8．A．desireB．ambitionC．loveD．confidence9．A．achievedB．madeC．missedD．predicted10．A．badB．goodC．magicalD．difficult【参考答案】学科网（北京）股份有限公司

11．A    2．C    3．B    4．D    5．B    6．A    7．C    8．D    9．A    10．B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为忙碌，学习成绩下降焦虑，后来脱发。在治疗专家的治疗下，作者头发长出来后，重拾自信，努力学习成为了班级优秀的学生之一。这让作者意识到发生了一些坏事才让人意识到生活其实有多美好。【详情解析】1．【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我的工作变得太忙了。A.busy忙碌的；B.careful小心的；C.pleased高兴的；D.content满足的。根据后文“IhadsomanyactivitiesthatIhardlyhadtimetorelaxmyself.”可知，因为作者有很多活动，所以作者很忙碌。故选A。2．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我的成绩开始下降。A.money金钱；B.luck运气；C.grades成绩；D.skills技巧。前文提到作者太忙了，有太多的活动，所以这导致作者的成绩下降。故选C。3．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我去看医生的时候，他看起来很担心，尽管身体上看起来一切正常。A.disappointed失望的；B.worried着急的，担心的；C.excited激动的；D.moved感动的。根据后文“WhenItoldhimIwasallright,hesaidthatIdidn’tshowmyrealfeelings.”可知，医生开始为作者感到担忧。故选B。4．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他结束后，他告诉我，我们必须谈谈我的感受，以及我的行为是如何改变的。A.attitude态度；B.school学校；C.friends朋友；D.feelings感受。根据后文“WhenItoldhimIwasallright,hesaidthatIdidn’tshowmyrealfeelings.”可知，医生想要和作者谈谈作者的感受。故选D。5．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到那时，我的头发大量地脱落，这使我更加焦虑。A.disappointed失望的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.satisfied满足的；D.relaxed放松的。由前文“Bythenmyhairwasfallingoutinlargeclumps”可知，因为作者的头发大量脱落，这让作者更加焦虑。故选B。6．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道出了什么问题，我松了一口气，事情会好转的。A.improve改善；B.worsen变糟糕；C.end结束；D.happen发生。根据前文“Iwasrelievedto”可知，因为作者松了一口气，由此可知，作者的情况会好转的。故选A。7．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不再那么担心了。A.disliked不喜欢；B.minded介意；C.stopped停止；D.enjoyed喜欢。根据前文“Thingsbegantolookup.”可知，因为情况开始好转，所以作者不再那么担心了。故选C。8．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的头发慢慢长回来了，我的自信也回来了。A.desire欲望；B.ambition野心；C.love爱；D.confidence自信。根据后文“Ibegantoleavethehouseandinteractwithothers.”可知，因为作者的头发长出来了，自信了，他也开始离开家和别人交流了。故选D。9．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我成为班里最优秀的学生之一，这是我以前从未实现过的目标。A.achieved实现；B.made制作；C.missed错过，思念；D.predicted预测。根据前文“Ibecameoneofthetopstudentsinmyclass”可知，成为班里最优秀的学生是作者未曾实现过的梦想；achieveone’sdream实现某人的梦想，固定搭配。故选A。10．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，发生了一些坏事才让我意识到生活其实有多美好。A.bad坏的；B.good好的；C.magical有魔法的；D.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2difficult困难的。此处需用形容词good与空前bad对应，表示发生了一些坏的事情才能意识到生活的美好。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ANowthereareover7,000charityshopsintheUK.Thefirstcharityshop___11___(found)byOxfamin1947.Thingsincharityshopsaremuch___12___(cheap)thanthoseinstreetstores.Peoplegivethingstocharityshopsforfree.Mostofthethingshavebeenused___13___theyarewellcleanedandrepaired.Soyoucanbuyusefulthingswithlessmoneyincharityshops.【参考答案】11．wasfounded    12．cheaper    13．but【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的慈善商店的一些基本情况。【详情解析】11．【wasfounded】考查被动语态。句意：第一家慈善商店是由Oxfam在1947年创建的。found建立，动词作谓语；由时间状语in1947可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情，因为商店被创建，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/weredone，主语是单数，所以be动词需用was。故填wasfounded。12．【cheaper】考查比较级。句意：慈善商店里的东西比街头商店里的便宜得多。由空后than可知，空处需用形容词cheap的比较级cheaper，表示更便宜。故填cheaper。13．【but】考查连词。句意：大部分东西都是用过的，但它们都很干净和修理得很好。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连词连接前后句；结合句意可知，空前后表示转折关系，所以空处需用连词but引导表示转折关系的并列句。故填but。BWhenIfirstheardabouttheimprovisation(即兴表演)classes,Iwasstressed.Asashygirl,Ifearedgettingonstage.However,IknewI____14____(want)toworkasasciencecommunicatorafterfinishingmydegree,soitseemedliketheperfectopportunity____15____(improve)myspeakingabilityandgainconfidencethinkingonmyfeet.Isignedupandknewthattheexperience____16____(take)mewelloutsidemycomfortzone(舒适区)inthefuture.【参考答案】14．wanted    15．toimprove    16．wouldtake【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上学时期为了提高口语能力和获得自信鼓起勇气报名参加即兴表演课的经历。【详情解析】14．【wanted】学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3考查一般过去时。句意：然而，我知道我想在完成学位后成为一名科学传播者，所以这似乎是提高我的口语能力和获得自信的绝佳机会。根据“Iknew”可知，此处是陈述过去的事实，所以应用一般过去时。故填wanted。15．【toimprove】考查动词不定式。句意：然而，我知道我想在完成学位后成为一名科学传播者，所以这似乎是提高我的口语能力和获得自信的绝佳机会。名词opportunity后常用不定式作后置定语。故填toimprove。16．【wouldtake】考查过去将来时。句意：我报名参加了，并且知道这段经历会让我在未来远离舒适区。根据“Isignedupandknew”和“inthefuture”可知，此处应用过去将来时。故填wouldtake。CLastChristmas,thezooowner,JimmyGates,decidedtotakesomepresentstoachildren'shospital.DressedupasFatherChristmas,hesetoffforthehospital,ridingababyelephant  ____17____namewasJumbo.Heknewthatthepolice  ____18____(stop)thiskindofthing.Asexpected,apolicemancameandaskedhimtoleave.Jimmyagreedtogoatonce,____19____Jumborefusedtomove.Fifteenpolicemenpushedveryhard____20____(get)himoffthestreet,buttheyweremostamused.【参考答案】17．whose    18．wouldstop    19．but    20．toget【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。马戏团老板准备在圣诞节给儿童医院送礼物，他骑着一头小象，但是路上却与交警发生了一些事情。【详情解析】17．【whose】考查定语从句。句意：他装扮成圣诞老人，骑着一头名叫Jumbo的小象出发去医院。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。18．【wouldstop】考查时态。句意：他知道警察会阻止这种事的。此处that引导的是宾语从句，由主句谓语动词knew可知，空处谓语动词需用过去将来时：woulddo，表示过去看将来发生的动作。故填wouldstop。19．【but】考查连词。句意：吉米同意马上就走，但Jumbo拒绝移动。根据空前后句意可知，此处前后表示转折关系，需用连词but。故填but。20．【toget】考查非谓语动词。句意：十五个警察使劲把他从街上推下去，但他们觉得很好笑。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词pushed，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填toget。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcomingNewLifestyles学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4HyggehasbeenpopularintheUKforoverayear.Itmeanstocreatearelaxedandcomfortablemood.Itcanbefeltbyrelaxingactivitieslikechattingwithfriends.Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings.Thisreallyresonated(共鸣)withme.Ifeelstressedathomebecausemysmallflatispackedwithmuchstuff.Idecidetothrowthethingsthatdon’tholdmemories.Doingthiswouldhelpmefeelhygge.Lastyear,lagom,aSwedishwordmeaning“justtherightamount”,becamepopular.Lagomisaboutseekingabalanceofworkandlife.It’salsoaboutlivingmoresustainably(可持续地)bysavingmoreenergy,creatinglesswasteandrecyclingmore.Nextyear,Iwon’thavetoreplacethingssooften.Plus,Ikeepthinkingaboutrecyclingandhopingtosaveasmuchmoneyaspossible.So,Icangetonboardwithlagom.ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyinimperfection.Wabireferstothefailingsintheproductionprocess,whichmakesanobjectspecial.Sabidescribesthebeautythatcomeswithage.Thetraditionofwabisabicanofferanewwaytoviewourhomes.IamaperfectionistandIkeepmyhometidy.Butnow,mygirlsputtheirtoyseverywhere.So,Ihavetoseethemessandaccepttheimperfections.IntheJapaneseconcept,ikigaimeans“areasonforbeing”,whichcanbringsatisfactionandmeaningtolife.Manypeoplebelieveikigaicanbefoundatwhatyouaregoodatandwhatyoulovedoing.Forme,itisblogging.ThisyearIcandomorewritingtasksthatinterestme.AndifInoticethethingsthatbringmenojoy,Icanstayawayfromtheminthefuture.Hopefully,thiswillhelpmetoleadamoremeaningfullife.21．Ifapersonwantstoenjoyasimplebuthappylife,whichlifestyleissuitable?A．Hygge.B．Lagom.C．Wabisabi.D．Ikigai.22．Tolivealifestyleofwabisabi,onehasto________.A．findbeautyinhisorherimperfectlifeB．achieveabalancebetweenworkandlifeC．behappyandfindoutthemeaningoflifeD．throwawaytheuselessandliveasimplelife23．Thispassageismostlikelytobereadina________.A．researchreportB．travelblogC．productadvertisementD．popularmagazine学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5【参考答案】21．A    22．A    23．D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种新的生活方式。【详情解析】21．【A】推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings.(此外，hygge也是关于学会对简单的事情感到快乐的生活方式)”可推知，如果一个人想要享受简单而快乐的生活，Hygge这种生活方式会适合他。故选A。22．【A】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyinimperfection.(来自日本的wabisabi，致力于在不完美中寻找美)”可知，wabisabi这种生活方式需要在不完美的生活中发现美。故选A。23．【D】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四种不同的生活方式，根据标题“WelcomingNewLifestyles(迎接新的生活方式)”可知，这篇文章最有可能出现在流行杂志上。故选D。BHowYourWeeklyShopCouldHelpPreventaMassExtinctionAllaroundtheworld,thewayinwhichweproduce,buyandeatfoodhasneverbeenmoresimilar.Youmaythinkyouhavemorechoicesthanyourparentsorgrandparentseverdid,andononelevelthatistrue.Whereveryouare,youcaneatvariousfoodsallinasingleday.Whatwe’rebeingofferedappearsatfirsttobediverse,untilyourealiseitisthesamekindof“diversity”thatisspreadingaroundtheglobeinthesameway;whattheworldbuysandeatsisbecomingmoreandmorethesame.Ofthe6,000plantspecieshumanshaveeatenovertime,wenowmainlygrowandeatjustnine.What’slesswellknownisthatforeachofthecrops,we’reeatingfromasmallernumberofvarieties.Thousandsofdifferentwheatsexist,butlessthan10makeitontothe“recommendedlist”issuedtoBritishfarmers.It’sasimilarstorywiththemeatweeat.Thisrelativelyrecentphenomenon(现象)ofeatingfromsuchanarrowselectionofplantsandanimals,andjustafewvarietiesofthese,hasresultedinaseriouslossofdiversityinfarmers’fieldsandinourdietsandagreatlossofbiodiversity.Inthe20thcentury,effortsweremadetoproducemorecalories(卡路里)tofeedgrowingpopulations,butinsearchofquantity,wegaveupdiversity.Cropsandfarmanimalsuniquetotheirpartoftheworldbecameendangered;someevenwentextinct(灭绝).Whenafoodislost,werisknotonlylosingaspecialflavour,butalsoawayoflifeandpartofaculture.Wealsolosechoicesforthefuture.Facedwiththegrowingimpactofclimatechangeandextremeweatherevents,wecanaddgreaterresilience(快速恢复能力)toourfoodsystembysavingdiversity.Butastheworldfarmsandeatsinincreasinglysimilarways,morefoodsareatriskofdisappearing.Weallhaveaparttoplayinpreventingthisfromhappening,whereverweareintheworld,anditstartswithwhatweputinourshoppingbaskets.Stillunsurewheretostart?Focusononeofyourfavouritefoodsandstarttoexploreitinallitsdiversity.Whetherthat’schocolate,coffee,cheeseorwine,findasmuchvariationasyoucan,setoffonaflavouradventureandhelpsavesomethingfromextinction.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

624．Accordingtothepassage,peoplemaybelievethat________.A．ourchoicesoffoodaremorethanthoseofearlygenerationsB．ourwaysoffoodproductionareneversimilartooneanotherC．whatweplantstaysthesamearoundtheworldD．whatweeatisbecomingincreasinglypopular25．HowdoesthewriterprovehisideainParagraph2?A．Byusingdata.B．Bydescribingascene.C．Bytellingastory.D．Bysharingexperiences.26．Accordingtothewriter,whatmightbethecauseofthelossofbiodiversity?A．Climate.B．Business.C．Population.D．Technology.27．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Whytostart.B．Wheretoshop.C．Whattoeat.D．Howtohelp.【参考答案】24．A    25．A    26．C    27．D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了我们饮食的多样性严重丧失，越来越多的食物面临消失的危险，以及我们每个人都有责任阻止这种情况的发生，挽救一些濒临灭绝的东西。【详情解析】24．【A】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Youmaythinkyouhavemorechoicesthanyourparentsorgrandparentseverdid,andononelevelthatistrue.”（你可能认为你比你的父母或祖父母有更多的选择，这在某种程度上是正确的。）可知，人们可能认为我们对食物的选择比早期几代人更多。故选A项。25．【A】推理判断题。根据第二段第二三行“Ofthe6,000plantspecieshumanshaveeatenovertime,wenowmainlygrowandeatjustnine.What’slesswellknownisthatforeachofthecrops,we’reeatingfromasmallernumberofvarieties.Thousandsofdifferentwheatsexist,butlessthan10makeitontothe“recommendedlist”issuedtoBritishfarmers.”（在人类长期食用的6000种植物中，我们现在主要种植和食用9种。不太为人所知的是，对于每种作物，我们吃的是数量较少的品种。存在数千种不同的小麦，但只有不到10种进入发给英国农民的“推荐名单”。）可知，作者是通过使用数据证明自己的观点的。故选A项。26．【C】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Inthe20thcentury,effortsweremadetoproducemorecaloriestofeedgrowingpopulations,butinsearchofquantity,wegaveupdiversity.”（在20世纪，人们努力生产更多的卡路里来养活不断增长的人口，但为了追求数量，我们放弃了多样性。）可知，作者认为，生物多样性丧失的原因可能是人口的增长。故选C项。27．【D】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Stillunsurewheretostart?Focusononeofyourfavouritefoodsandstarttoexploreitinallitsdiversity.Whetherthat’schocolate,coffee,cheeseorwine,findasmuchvariationasyoucan,setoffonaflavouradventureandhelpsavesomethingfrom学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7extinction.”（还不确定从哪里开始？专注于你最喜欢的食物之一，开始探索它的多样性。无论是巧克力、咖啡、奶酪还是葡萄酒，尽可能多地寻找变化，开始一次风味冒险，并帮助挽救一些濒临灭绝的东西。）可知，最后一段主要讲如何帮助挽救一些濒临灭绝的东西。故选D项。CStandinginmyoffice25yearsagowasanunknownyoungastronomerwithahalf-smileonherface.Shehadcomewithanimpossiblerequestthatmyteammodify(修改)ourthoroughlytestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedforandriskbreakingit.Alltocarryoutanexperimentthatwasbasicallyawasteoftimeandcouldn’tbedone—provethatamassiveblackholelayatthecenterofourMilkyWay.Myinitial“noway”graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutfirmdetermination.AndreaGhez,oneofthreewinnersofthisyear’sNobelPrizeinPhysics,impressedmewithherworkonprovidingsolidevidenceofasupermassiveblackholewiththemassoffourmillionsunslivingatthecenteroftheMillyWaygalaxy.ThatdeterminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.For25yearsshehasfocusedalmostcompletelyonSagittariusA—thenameofourownlocalsupermassiveblackhole.Itisremarkablethatanentirefieldofstudyhasgrownupinthequartercentury,ofsearchingforandfindingevidenceofthesemonstersthoughttolieattheheartofeverylargegalaxy.AndreadidherworkattheW.M.KeckObservatory’s(天文台)twintelescopesonMaunakea,Hawaii,inthecalmandclearairalmost14000feetabovethePacificOcean.ShestartedusingtheveryfirstinstrumentfixedonKeckObservatory’sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC),nowgracingthelobby(大厅)atourheadquarters.Andreaisfondofpointingoutthatoneofthereasonsforhersuccesshasbeenthistightandrapidloop(循环)betweentheneedsoftheneedsoftheastronomersandtheengineerswhorespondedtothechallenge.Thisismyfriendandlongtimecolleague,theonewhorefusedtotake“no”forananswer:AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.28．WhichwordsbestdescribeAndreaGhez?A．Determinedandcreative.B．Confidentandadaptable.C．Braveandkind.D．Cooperativeandgenerous.29．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．TheNoblePrizeforphysics.B．Friendshipbetweencolleagues.C．HowAndreawontheNobel.D．WhatmakesAndreadifferent.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gracing”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Makingmoreattractive.B．Bringhonourto.C．Movinginasmoothway.D．Advancingthelevel.【参考答案】28．A    29．C    30．B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了安德烈娅·盖兹凭借自己的创造力和对科学的决心，通过不断地实验，最终获得2020年诺贝尔物理学奖的事情。【详情解析】28．【A】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Shehadcomewithanimpossiblerequestthatmyteammodify学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8(修改)ourthoroughlytestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedforandriskbreakingit.”（她提出了一个不可能的要求，要求我的团队修改我们经过彻底测试的软件，让我们最重要的科学仪器中的一个做一些从未被设计过的事情，并冒着破坏它的风险。）和第三段关键句“ThatdeterminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.”（这种决心和冒险的意愿一直是安德烈娅的特点。）可知，文章中提到安德烈娅提出了一些别人认为不可能的要求，并要求科学仪器做一些从未做过的事，由此可知，她是一个有创造性的人，文章还提到决心和冒险的意愿一直是安德烈娅的特点，由此可知，她是一个有决心的人，由此可知，安德烈娅·盖兹是一个有决心和创造力的人。故选A项。29．【C】主旨大意题。通读文章，结合最后一段内容“Thisismyfriendandlongtimecolleague,theonewhorefusedtotake“no”forananswer:AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.”（这是我的朋友，也是我的老同事，一个拒绝接受“不”作为答案的人：安德烈娅·盖兹，2020年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。）可知，文章主要介绍了安德烈娅·盖兹凭借自己的创造力和对科学的决心，通过不断地实验，最终获得2020年诺贝尔物理学奖的事情，“HowAndreawontheNobel.”意为“安德烈娅是如何获得诺贝尔奖的。”选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。30．【B】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段关键句“AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.”（安德烈娅·盖兹，2020年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。）可知，安德烈娅·盖兹的研究成果最终获得2020年诺贝尔物理学奖，再根据画线单词上文“ShestartedusingtheveryfirstinstrumentfixedonKeckObservatory’sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC)”（她开始使用凯克天文台近红外相机上安装的第一台仪器）可知，凯克天文台近红外相机上安装的第一台仪器是安德烈娅·盖兹研究时使用的仪器，由此可知，当她获奖后，这台仪器为我们总部的大厅带来荣誉，“Bringhonourto”意为“给……带来荣誉”，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选B项。DCertainly,awell-rounded(全面的)educationisthefoundation(基础)fromwhichallofusspringforth.Iamgratefultothemanygreatteacherswhohaveinspiredmetodogreaterthings,andhavefiredmyenthusiasm(热情)foreverlastinglearning!But,sometimesIwonderiftheoutlineofoureducationalplanislacking(缺少)something.IwatchedthemovieEasyAwithmydaughter.Themaincharacter'sparentswereloving,supportive,andbuiltgreatconfidenceintheirchildrenanddevelopedtheirabilitytohandletheirownproblems.Therewasascenewherethemotherwasspeakingtotheyoungerchildwhoannouncedthathereceivedan"A"onhisspellingtest.Shereplied,"That'sgreat,honey,buteverythinghas.spellcheckthesedays."Itwasfunny….butTRUE!Idon'tmeanthatweshouldn'tteachourchildrenhowtospell,butmaybesomeofourtimeshouldbespenteducatingthemaboutthedangersofpostingthingsonFacebook.Maybewemightwanttospendtimeshowingthemhowreallifeworks—thecreditcard(信用卡)isn'tfreemoney—youwillhavetopayitbackatsometime.Oh,andgetthis—theychargeyouforborrowingthatmoney.Perhaps,weshouldspendsometimeoninterpersonalrelationships.Iworrythatourkidsdonotknowhowtorelatetooneanother.Choosingacareer(职业)isadauntingtask.Mydaughterisinhersecondyearincollegeandhaschangedhermajor(主修课程)twice.It'snotthatshedidn'tknowwhatshewantedtodo.Whatshe"wantedtodo"andthe学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9courseshechosedidnotmatch.Ihavelearnedmanycollegestudentsdonotknowwhattheywanttodobecausetheyhaven'tseenwhatitlookslikeintherealworld.Beingajournalist(记者)intherealworldlooksverydifferentfromwritingstories.Maybeifwespentsometimeexposingthemtoreallifeexperience—maybetwoorthreecoursesinareasofinterestinhighschoolthatgivethemafeel"forwhatthatparticularfieldwouldlooklike,theymightbebetterprepared.Idonotknowthesolution,butitseemsthatitshouldatleastbeatopicofdiscussion.31．WhydoestheauthormentionthemovieEasyA?A．Tosharethemoviewithreaders.B．Toshowparents'lovefortheirchildren.C．Toleadtothetopicheisgoingtotalkabout.D．Toprovetheimportanceofbeingsupportive.32．Theauthorbelievesthat________.A．parentsandschoolshouldworktogetherB．thereisnoneedforstudentstolearnspellingC．childrenareabletohandletheirownproblemsD．itisimportanttohelpstudentsunderstandrealworld33．Theunderlinedword"daunting"inParagraph4probablymeans________.A．specialB．discouragingC．unimportantD．simple34．Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?A．Schoolsshouldpreparestudentsfortheirfuturelife.B．Foundationisimportantforawell-roundededucation.C．Lifeexperienceismoreimportantthanschooleducation.D．Studentsshouldtakepart-timejobstogetworkingexperience.【参考答案】31．C    32．D    33．B    34．A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了学校应该为学生的未来生活做好准备。【详情解析】31．【C】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But,sometimesIwonderiftheoutlineofoureducationalplanislacking(缺少)something.IwatchedthemovieEasyAwithmydaughter.Themaincharacter'sparentswereloving,supportive,andbuiltgreatconfidenceintheirchildrenanddevelopedtheirabilitytohandletheirownproblems.”（但是，有时我想知道我们的教育计划大纲是否缺少一些东西。我和女儿一起看了电影《轻松》。主人公的父母充满爱心，支持孩子，对孩子充满信心，并培养了他们处理自己问题的能力）结合下文提到学校应该教孩子为未来生活做好准备推知，作者提到EasyA这部电影的目的是来引出话题。故选C。32．【D】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Maybeifwespentsometimeexposingthemtoreallifeexperience—maybetwoorthreecoursesinareasofinterestinhighschoolthatgivethemafeel"forwhatthatparticularfieldwouldlooklike,theymightbebetter学科网（北京）股份有限公司

10prepared.”(也许如果我们花一些时间让他们接触现实生活的经验，也许高中感兴趣的领域的两三门课程会让他们感觉到“这个特定领域会是什么样子”，他们可能会准备得更好)可知，作者认为帮助学生了解真实世界很重要。故选D。33．【A】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子之后的内容“Mydaughterisinhersecondyearincollegeandhaschangedhermajor(主修课程)twice.It'snotthatshedidn'tknowwhatshewantedtodo.Whatshe"wantedtodo"andthecourseshechosedidnotmatch.（我女儿上大学二年级，已经两次换了专业。并不是说她不知道自己想做什么。她“想做的”和她选择的课程不匹配）”推知择业是一项艰巨的任务。由此可知，划线词意为“艰巨的”，与discouraging意思相近。故选A。34．【A】文章大意题。从最后一段第一句“Ihavelearnedmanycollegestudentsdonotknowwhattheywanttodobecausetheyhaven'tseenwhatitlookslikeintherealworld.”（我了解到许多大学生不知道他们想做什么，因为他们没有看到现实世界中的样子）和第三段“Maybeifwespentsometimeexposingthemtoreallifeexperience—maybetwoorthreecoursesinareasofinterestinhighschoolthatgivethemafeel"forwhatthatparticularfieldwouldlooklike,theymightbebetterprepared.”(也许如果我们花一些时间让他们接触现实生活的经验，也许高中感兴趣的领域的两三门课程会让他们感觉到“这个特定领域会是什么样子”，他们可能会准备得更好)并结合全文可知，这篇文章主要讨论的是：学校应该为学生的未来生活做好准备。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBeattheProcrastinationHabitIamaprocrastinator(拖延症患者).Ialwayshavebeen.I'vetriedallsortsofthingstobeatthehabit.HerearesometechniquesI'vebeenusing:Setasideblocksoftimetodothings.WhenIwastalkingwithmywellness(健身)coachearlierthisyear,sheaskedmewhyIdidn'texercisemoreoften."___35___,"Isaid."Somethingalwayscomesup."Shewasn'timpressed."J.D．,"shesaid,"Youhavetomaketime.Makeanappointmentwithyourselftorunortogoforabikeride."Thesameprincipleappliestootherthingsyoumightprocrastinate.___36___.OftenI'llbesittingonthebackporchreadingabook,anditwilloccurtomethatsomechoreneedstobedone－mendingthefence,forexample."___37___,"Itellmyself.Wrong!WhatusuallyhappensisthatIforgettowriteitdown,andevenifIdo,Ijustlookatthelistandprocrastinateforweeksonend.ThebestmoveistoactuallydothechorewhenIthinkofit.(Assuming,ofcourse,thatIhavethetimeatthatmoment,whichIusuallydo.)Useatimertobringyoubacktoreality.PartofthereasonIprocrastinateisthatI'madaydreamer.___38___.Onewaytokeepontrackistouseatimer.IusetheUltrakJumboCountdownTimer,butnotasoftenasIshould.Isetitfor48minutes.Whenitgoesoff,___39___：AmIdoingwhatI'msupposedtobedoing?Donotmultitask.Ioftenstartmanythingsatonce,butIneveractuallydoanyofthem.Inorderformetogetsomethingdone,学科网（北京）股份有限公司

11Ineedtofocusmyattentiononit.Tryingtodoseveralthingsatonceisasurewaytobesurethey'llallbeunfinishedtomorrow.A．I'malwayslostinthoughtB．itbringsmebacktorealityC．Ifitcomestomind,thendoitD．Idon'thavethetimeE．itservesasaninstantrealitycheckF．DoitrightawayifyouareaskedtodosomethingG．IneedtowritethatdownsoIcanrememberit【参考答案】35．D    36．C    37．G    38．A    39．E【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己的经历介绍了如何应对拖延症的几点建议。【详情解析】35．【D】根据本空前的“sheaskedmewhyIdidn'texercisemoreoften.”可知，健身教练问我为什么不经常锻炼，此处是我的回答，故D项（我没有那个时间）符合语境。36．【C】根据本段内容，特别是最后的结论“ThebestmoveistoactuallydothechorewhenIthinkofit.”可知，最好的办法就是想做就做，由此可知，本段讲的是想到了什么事情就要马上去做，故C项（如果想到了，就去做）符合语境。37．【G】根据本空后的“WhatusuallyhappensisthatIforgettowriteitdown,andevenifIdo,Ijustlookatthelistandprocrastinateforweeksonend.可知，通常情况是我忘记写下来，即使是写下来，我也只是看看清单，拖延几个星期，故G项（我需要把它写下来，这样我就能记住了）符合语境。38．【A】根据本空前的“PartofthereasonIprocrastinateisthatI'madaydreamer.”可知，我拖延的部分原因是我喜欢做白日梦，此处承接上文，故A项（我总是陷入沉思）符合语境。39．【E】根据本空后的“AmIdoingwhatI'msupposedtobedoing?”可知，定时器可以让我们检查自己：我做我该做的事了么？故E项（它可以作为及时的现实检查）符合语境。第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Asweadvanceintothethirdquarterof2020,educatorsarewatchingaheadandwonderingwhetherthereisapossibilityofreopeningeducationcampusesandin-personteachinganytimesoon.Theongoingpandemic(流行病)学科网（北京）股份有限公司

12haschangedseveralaspectsofhumanlife,includingeducationandpotentialonlineeducationtrends.Ithasurgedglobalexperimentationwithremoteteaching,andmoststudentsacceptthechangefromin-persontoonlinelearning.Oneofthenewesttrendsintheeducationindustryismicrolearning.Microlearningprovidesinformationaboutschoolsubjectstostudentsinanexcitingmannerbydividingthecoursematerialintosmall,manageablepartsforasuitablelearningexperience.Itissuitableforpeoplewhoareunabletoprovideattentiontoamatterformorethananhour.Asonlineeducationisenteringthemainstream,studentsarelookingformorestraightforwardandeasierstrategiestoacquireknowledge,andthisiswheremicrolearningentersthescene.Itallowslearnerstograspbite-sizedinformationquicklyandeffectively.AgreatexampleofmicrolearningisthelanguagelearningapplicationDuolingowhichallowsuserstolearnapieceofanylanguageinsmall,frequentlessons.Overthenextyear,asfarasonlineeducationtrendsgo,wecanexpecttowitnessanincreaseinsucheducationalapplicationsandmicrolearning.Onlineeducationistakingovertraditionalclassroom-basededucationbyprovidingstudentswithapersonalizedlearningexperiencethatremoveslocation,time,ordevicelimits.Traditionalclassroomlecturesmightnotbeusefulforeveryone,aseachindividualhasadifferentpaceofunderstandingandinterest.Therefore,itiscrucialtoprovidelearnerswithachoicethatencouragesthemosteffectivelearningprocess.Personalizedlearningisoneoftheonlineeducationtrendsthatwilldominatethecomingyear.Theconceptoftraditionaleducationhaschangeddramaticallysincethebeginningandmassacceptanceofonlineeducation.Theworldisbusyinremoteteachingexperimentation,andtheonlineeducationtrendsmayimpactlearninginthefuture.40．Whatinfluencedoesthepandemichaveonstudents?______________________________________________________________________________41．Howdoesmicrolearninggiveinformationtostudents?______________________________________________________________________________42．Pleaseparaphrasetheunderlinedsentenceinyourownwords._______________________________________________________________________________43．Pleasebrieflypresentyouropinionaboutonlinelearning.(About40words.)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考答案】40．Moststudentsaregettingusedtothechangefromin-persontoonlinelearning/Moststudentsacceptthetransitionfromin-persontoonlinelearning.   41．Itprovidesinformationtostudentsbydividingthecoursematerialintosmall,manageableportionsforasuitablelearningexperience.    42．Comparedwithtraditionalclassroom-basededucation,onlineeducationisbecomingmorepopularbygivingstudentsanindividuallydesignedlearningexperiencewithoutthelimitsoflocation,time,anddevice.    43．Therearetwosidestoeverything.Everyadvantagehasitsdisadvantage.Onlinelearninghastheadvantageofbeingconvenient,quickandpersonalized,andmeetingtheteachingneedsduringtheepidemic.Thedisadvantage学科网（北京）股份有限公司

13isthatsomeequipmentnetworkresourcesarenotpopular,especiallyinpoormountainousareas,itisdifficulttogethigh-qualityonlinelearningresources,andstudents'self-controlisnotstrong.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了教育产业的最新趋势之一——微型学习。【详情解析】40．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Ithasurgedglobalexperimentationwithremoteteaching,andmoststudentsacceptthechangefromin-persontoonlinelearning.（它呼吁在全球范围内进行远程教学的实验，大多数学生都接受了从面授到在线学习的转变。）”可知，流行病对学生的影响是大多数学生都习惯了从面授到在线学习的转变。故答案为Moststudentsaregettingusedtothechangefromin-persontoonlinelearning/Moststudentsacceptthetransitionfromin-persontoonlinelearning.41．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Microlearningprovidesinformationaboutschoolsubjectstostudentsinanexcitingmannerbydividingthecoursematerialintosmall,manageablepartsforasuitablelearningexperience.（微型学习以一种令人兴奋的方式向学生提供有关学校科目的信息，将课程材料分成小的、易于管理的部分，以便获得适当的学习经验。）”可知，微型学习通过将课程材料划分为小的、易于管理的部分，以便获得适当的学习经验，从而向学生提供信息。故答案为Itprovidesinformationtostudentsbydividingthecoursematerialintosmall,manageableportionsforasuitablelearningexperience.42．考查细节理解。根据划线部分“Onlineeducationistakingovertraditionalclassroom-basededucationbyprovidingstudentswithapersonalizedlearningexperiencethatremoveslocation,time,ordevicelimits.（在线教育正在取代传统的以课堂为基础的教育，为学生提供个性化的学习体验，消除位置、时间或设备限制。）”可知，与传统的课堂教学相比，在线教学越来越受欢迎，它为学生提供了一个独立设计的学习体验，而不受地点、时间和设备的限制。故答案为Comparedwithtraditionalclassroom-basededucation,onlineeducationisbecomingmorepopularbygivingstudentsanindividuallydesignedlearningexperiencewithoutthelimitsoflocation,time,anddevice.43．考查开放题。此题可以写网络学习的两面性，在线学习，其优点是方便快捷个性化，且满足了疫情期间的教学需要。缺点是，一些设备网略资源不普及，特别是贫困山区，难以得到优质的网上学习资源，而且学生自制力不强。故答案为Therearetwosidestoeverything.Everyadvantagehasitsdisadvantage.Onlinelearninghastheadvantageofbeingconvenient,quickandpersonalized,andmeetingtheteachingneedsduringtheepidemic.Thedisadvantageisthatsomeequipmentnetworkresourcesarenotpopular,especiallyinpoormountainousareas,itisdifficulttogethigh-qualityonlinelearningresources,andstudents'self-controlisnotstrong.第二节(20分)假设你是高一学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim正在做有关高中生最喜爱的运动的调查，写邮件向你询问你最喜欢的运动项目，请你根据以下提示给他回邮件。要点：1.你最喜欢的运动；2.你喜欢该运动的原因；3.做该运动时的注意事项。注意：1.词数在100字左右；学科网（北京）股份有限公司

142.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【参考答案】DearJim,Howiseverythinggoing?Knowingthatyouwanttolearnaboutmyfavoritesport,I’dliketoshareitwithyou.Myfavoritesportisbasketball.Asahighschoolstudent,Iliveabusyandstressfullifeandplayingbasketballhelpsmerelaxmybodyandrelievetension.Besides,playingbasketballprovidesmeavaluablechancetoconnectwithothersandlearnfromthem,whichbenefitsmealot.Whenplayingbasketball,Ialsopayattentiontosuchaspectsaswarmingupbeforeplaying,wearingsportswearandsoon.Thesetipskeepmefromgettinghurtinthegame.Thisismyfavoritesport.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jim回邮件，介绍你最喜欢的运动项目，要点包括：1.你最喜欢的运动；2.你喜欢该运动的原因；3.做该运动时的注意事项。【详情解析】1.词汇积累紧张的：stressful→strained减轻：relieve→ease另外：besides→moreover机会：chance→opportunity2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Knowingthatyouwanttolearnaboutmyfavoritesport,I’dliketoshareitwithyou.拓展句：BecauseIknowthatyouwanttolearnaboutmyfavoritesport,I’dliketoshareitwithyou.【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowingthatyouwanttolearnaboutmyfavoritesport,I’dliketoshareitwithyou.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Besides,playingbasketballprovidesmeavaluablechancetoconnectwithothersandlearnfromthem,whichbenefitsmealot.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)学科网（北京）股份有限公司