2022-2023学年高二英语上学期月考（9月）A卷 人教版2019选择性必修一考试全解全析

《2022-2023学年高二英语上学期月考（9月）A卷 人教版2019选择性必修一考试全解全析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考（9月）A卷英语试题（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．测试范围：5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。A2022KidsNewsShortStoryWritingCompetitionWelcometothe2022KidsNewsShortStoryWritingCompetition!Itisanannualcompetitionwhichstartsat9amonMonday,September5.Ifyouhaveacreativemindandfantasticstories,hurryupandsubmityourstorybeforeOctober28.ThecompetitionisfreeandopentostudentsfromkindergartentoGrade9.Thecompetitionhastwoagegroups.Forkidsaged11yearsandover,theirshortstorymustbebetween500and1,000words.Forthoseaged10andunder,theirshortstorymustbebetween250and500words.Youaresupposedtowriteashortstoryonanythemeortopicofyourchoice.Thefirstprizewinnerofeachagegroupwillget10copiesoftheirshortstory,whicharepublishedintoaprintedbookwithapersonallydesignedcover,plusaniPad.Thereisalsoabookreaderasaprizefortherunner-up(亚军)andaHarperCollinsbookpackforthethirdwinnerineachagegroup.Teacherscansubmittheirstudents’storiesthroughtheonlineentryform(参赛表格).Aconsentform(同意书),signedbythestudent’sparentorguardian,mustbeattachedtotheentryform.Unlessadvertiseddifferently,theprizewinnerswillbeinformedbyphone,emailormailattheendofthe学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1competitionperiodandbynolaterthanDecember30.Winners’nameswillbepublishedonwww.kidsnews.com.au.1.Onwhichdayisthedeadlineforparticipatinginthecompetition?A.5,September.B.9,October.C.28,October.D.30,December.2.Howmanywordsaresuitableforakindergartenkidtoenterthecompetition?A.200.B.300.C.600.D.700.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthecompetition?A.Thereisnofixedtopicforkids’writing.B.Theprizewinnerswillnotbemadepublic.C.Wecanknowwinners’namesafterDecember30.D.Kidscan’tattenditwithoutteachers’permission.BA23-year-oldmancandoweightliftinginmanywaysashardasanyothergym-goer,butheonlyhasoneleg.NathanSeawooddoesn’tlethisdisabilitykeephimfromtheweightroom.Instead,he’slearningtobearadifferentload.“Thisisn’tjustaphysicalbattleinthegym,”Seawoodsaid.“It’samentalbattleformyself.”Refusingtobeweigheddownbyhisdisability,Seawooddrawsstrengthfromhismind,ashefightstomakeitthrougheachstep.“Thattakesalotoutofme.IpushmybodysohardthatI’mtired,”saidSeawood,whooncethoughthemighthavetogiveuptheweightsforever.SeawoodendedupinahospitalbedwithonelegafterfallingoffaboatinLongLakenearTraverseCityinJune,2019.Hisleftleggotcaughtinthepropellerandhadtobecut.“Ididn’twantpeopletoseeme,”Seawoodsaid.“Icouldn’tacceptwhathadhappenedtomebecauseit’salifestylechange.Andthatwashard.Iwasdownbad.”Seawoodsaidatherapisthelpedlifthisspirits.“IwantedtobeabletowalkandthatwasdifficultbecauseI’musingmusclesthatneverreallygetnoticedasmuch,”Seawoodsaid.Nowhe’susingthosemusclestotrainhardatGrandRapidsCityGym,inspiringthosearoundhimtokeeppushing.“Hefacesdifficultiesmostofusdon’thaveto,”JeffPhillips,whoownsthegym,said.“Imean,he’sinhereandheonlyhasoneleg,buthe’sdoingalotofthesameliftseverybodywithtwolegsaredoing.It’ssurelyencouragingtoseehimdoingthat.”Despitelife’sbestattempttoknockhimdown,Seawoodisstillstanding,andwhilehemayexercisedifferentlyfromothers,he’sthankfultostillbemoving.“Imighthaveadisability,butI’mnotdisabled,”学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2Seawoodsaid.4.WhatplaysthekeyroleinSeawood’sweightlifting?A.Hisrightleg.B.Theothers’encouragement.C.Hisstrongwill.D.Hisfamily.5.WhatledtoNathanSeawood’sdisability?A.Anaccident.B.Anearlybirth.C.Aseriousdisease.D.Amedicalmistake.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeNathanSeawood?A.Confidentandhonest.B.Smartandhardworking.C.Calmandmodest.D.Determinedandpositive.7.WhyisJeffPhillipsmentionedinparagraph6?A.TotellSeawood’ssadstory.B.Todrawattentiontoweightlifting.C.TospeakhighlyofSeawood.D.ToshowsympathyforSeawood.CNoonecansaywhetherhuman-likerobotswillhaveasweetdream,buttheywillalmostcertainlyneedperiodsofrestthatofferbenefitslikewhatsleepprovidestolivingbrains,accordingtonewresearchfromLosAlamosNationalLaboratory(LANL).“Westudyspikingneuralnetworks,whicharesystemsthatlearnmuchaslivingbrainsdo,”saidYijingWatkins,acomputerscientistfromLANL.“Wetrainedaneuromorphic(神经形态的)processorinawayhowhumansandotherbiologicalsystemslearnfromtheirenvironmentduringchildhooddevelopment.”Watkinsandherresearchteamfoundthatthenetworksimulationsbecameunstableaftercontinuousperiodsofunattendedlearning.Whentheyexposedthenetworkstostatesthatareanalogoustowhatlivingbrainsexperienceduringsleep,stabilitywasrecovered.“Itwasasthoughweweregivingtheneuralnetworksagoodnight’srest,”saidWatkins.Thediscoverycameaboutastheresearchteamworkedtodevelopneuralnetworksthatareascloseashowhumansandotherbiologicalsystemslearntosee.Thegroupinitiallystruggledwithstabilizingsimulatedneuralnetworksundergoingunattendeddictionarytraining,whichinvolvesclassifyingobjectswithoutprovidingexamplestocomparethemto.Theresearchersexposethenetworkstoanartificialsimulationofsleepasnearlyafinalefforttostabilizethem.Theyexperimentedwithvarioustypesofnoise.Thebestresultscamewhentheyusedwavesofso-calledGaussiannoise.Thesewavescanmakesurethattheneuralnetworkskeepstable.Thegroup’snextgoalistoapplytheiralgorithm(算法)toIntel’sLoihi,aproductwhichusesspikingneural学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3networkstowork.TheyhopeallowingLoihitosleepfromtimetotimewillenableittostablyprocessinformationfromacamerainrealtime.Ifitcanconfirmtheneedforsleepinartificialbrains,wecanprobablyexpectthesametobetrueofhuman-likerobotsandotherintelligentmachinesthatmaycomeaboutinthefuture.8.WhatdidWatkinsandherresearchteamfind?A.Neuralnetworksarefarfromstable.B.Artificialbrainsmayneedbreakaswell.C.Neuralnetworksareverysensitivetonoise.D.Human-likerobotsneedequalresttohumans.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“analogous”inparagraph2mean?A.Contrary.B.Beneficial.C.Similar.D.Related.10.WhywilltheresearchersapplythealgorithmtoLoihi?A.TobetterupdateLoihi.B.ToenableLoihitorunfaster.C.Tofurtherconfirmtheirdiscovery.D.TomakesureLoihigetenoughsleep.11.Inwhichsectioncanweprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Mind&Brain.B.Business&Industry.C.Medicine&Care.D.Computer&Science.DItisawell-knownfactthatplasticbottles,whichtakehundredsofyearstorot,areharmfultoourenvironment.However,effortsbyenvironmentaliststoencourageconsumerstoswitchtoalternatives,likewaterfountainsorreusablebottles,havenotbeenveryeffective.TheU.S.aloneusesover50millionplasticbottlesannually,80%ofwhichendupinlandfills.Totrytostopthat,RodrigoGarcíaGonzález,PierrePaslierandGuillaumeCouchefromtheImperialCollegeLondonhavebeenworkingonarevolutionarysolution—waterwrappedinsideaneatablecontainermademostlyfromseaweed.Allthecustomerhastodotorelievehis/herthirstispoptheentiredropintothemouth.Theinventors,whohavebeenworkingontheOohobubblesince2014,useasimpletwo-stepcookingprocesscalledspherification(球化)tocreatethedelicatecontainer.Theybeginbydippingafrozenballofwaterorjuiceintoachemicalsolution(溶液).Thishelpsformalayeraroundtheliquid.Theballisthenabsorbedinasolutionmadefromseaweedextract.Thiscreatesasecondlayer,helpingstrengthenthestructuresothatthewaterorjuicedoesnotleak.Inadditiontosavingourenvironment,thebiodegradable(可降解的)packagingcostsjusttwocentseach,makingitcheapertoproducethanplastic.Afterthreeyearsofperfectingthedesign,theinventors,whorecentlyraisedover1millionUSDfroma学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4financialactivity,arereadytobringtheOohobubbletolocalmarket.However,thereareafewchallengesthatstillneedtobeovercomebeforetheproduct’slaunch.Inadditiontogettingaccustomedtothetasteofthecovering,eacheatablecontainercontainsjustamouthfulofwater,requiringconsumerstodrinkmultiplebubblestorelievetheirthirst.Thereisalsotheissueoffindinganeco-friendlypackagingtotransportthebubblessothattheyremaincleananddonotburst.Hopefully,theinventorswillfindwaystohandletheissuessothatwecanreduce,orperhapsevenremove,plasticbottles.12.WhywastheOohobubblecreated?A.Totestanewly-designedmaterial.B.Tochangeconsumers’drinkinghabit.C.Toreducepollutioncausedbyplastic.D.Totakeashareofdrinkingwaterindustry.13.Whatwilltheinventorsprobablydonext?A.Solvesomespecificproblemsoftheproduct.B.Collectmoremoneytoexpandproduction.C.DistributetheOohobubbletoglobalmarket.D.AdvertisetheadvantagesoftheOohobubble.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheOohobubble’slaunch?A.Uncaring.B.Doubtful.C.Confident.D.Opposed.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsWorkoutaNewKindofWater.B.PlasticBottlesWillBeReplacedbytheOohoBubble.C.EnvironmentalPollutionisExpectedtoBeSolved.D.TheOohoBubbleAimstoRemovePlasticBottles.第二节七选五(共五小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowToTakeTheAdviceYou'veBeenGivenTakingadvicesometimescanbereallyhard,especiallywhenyou'reinatoughsituation.____16____Herearesomeofthem.Listentoyourselffirst.You'retheonewhohastolivewiththechoicesyoumake,soreallytakethetimetomakesurethatwhateveryou'redoingfeelstruetoyou.Forinstance,ifsomeonegivesyouadvicethatgoesagainstyourvalueslikehonesty,sayno.____17____学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5Chooseyouradviserswisely.Beverydiscerning(有眼力的)whenyou’rechoosingwhototakeadvicefrom.____18____However,justbecausesomeoneissuccessfulintheirfielddoesn'tnecessarilymeanthey'llgiveyougoodadvice.Nevertakeadvicefromthewrongperson.Forinstance,youmightnottakefinancialadvicefromsomeonewhodoesn'tmanagemoneywell.Seekseveraldifferentopinions.____19____Instead,reachouttoseveralpeoplewhosejudgmentandexperienceyoureallytrust.Thatway,youcanbesureyou'regettingabroadenoughperspectiveontheissue.Also,don'tjustrelyonpeoplewhothinksimilarlytothewayyoudo.Trytofindpeoplewithdiversepointsofview.____20____Takealittlebitoftimetothinkoveranyadvicesomeoneoffersevenifyouhavetomakeaquickdecision.Carefullyconsideryouroptionssoyoucanmakeathoughtfuldecisionbasedonyourgoals.However,dogiveyourselfadeadlinesoyoudon'tendupdelayfortoolong.A.Giveyourselftimetothinkabouttheadviceyoureceive.B.Don'tfeellikeyouonlyhavetogetadvicefromoneperson.C.Itisimportanttoletpeopleknowyouappreciatetheiradvice.D.Youshouldlistentotheinnervoiceandtellyourselfit'swrong.E.Therefore,you'repreparedtotakeresponsibilityforyourdecision.F.Goodadvicealwayscomesfromthosewhoareexpertsonthesubject.G.Therearestilltipsmakingiteasierforyoutodecidewhattodo,though.第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ZaraRutherfordhassettheworldrecordastheyoungestwomantoflyalonearoundtheworld.TheBritish-Belgian____21____startedhertripworldwideonAugust18,2021.The____22____wassupposedtotakethreemonths.Butbadweatherandvisadelayskepthergroundedand____23____thetripbyabouttwomonths.AndthenshestartedinBelgiumand____24____westoverBritain,Iceland,andGreenland.ThepathtookheroverCanadaandtheUnitedStates.Rutherfordcouldn’tleaveAlaskaduetoweatherandvisadelays.Awinterstormforcedanotherlong____25____inRussiabeforeshetraveledtoKorea,theMiddleEast,and____26____toEurope.Tomeetthe____27____foraround-the-worldflight,RutherfordhadtolandontwopointsoppositeeachotheronEarth:JambiinIndonesiaandTumacoinColombia.Thelastpartofhertriphadbeen____28____,for学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6shehadtodealwithrainandsnow.Butshewashappytobe____29____bytheBelgianAirForcebeforelanding,whichshefeltgratefulfortheircompany.Rutherfordhasbeen_____30_____travelinginsmallplaneswithherparentssinceshewassix.Shegainedherpilot’slicensein2020andstartedflyingherselfat14.She_____31_____beinganastronautandshehopeshertripwillgetmorewomen_____32_____inscience,technology,andaviation.Rutherfordsaid,“Boysaretaughttochoosetheir_____33_____asscientists,astronauts,CEOsorpresidents.Girlsareoften_____34_____tobebeautiful,kind,helpfulandsweet.Withmyflight,Iwanttoshowyoungwomenthattheycanbe_____35_____andmaketheirdreamscometrue.”21.A.surferB.soldierC.engineerD.pilot22.A.challengeB.passageC.flightD.sailing23.A.extendedB.developedC.designedD.explored24.A.directedB.forcedC.headedD.pushed25.A.pauseB.holidayC.sleepD.rest26.A.movedB.returnedC.travelledD.rushed27.A.curiosityB.deadlineC.requirementD.permission28.A.difficultB.necessaryC.secureD.dependent29.A.rescuedB.watchedC.accompaniedD.praised30.A.yetB.everC.stillD.always31.A.dreamsofB.caresaboutC.insistsonD.relieson32.A.upsetB.interestedC.includedD.puzzled33.A.careersB.hobbiesC.chancesD.responsibilities34.A.remindedB.warnedC.encouragedD.informed35.A.energeticB.confidentC.logicalD.ambitious第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)36.________(apparent),theyaregettingdivorcedsoon.37.Sometimeswecan’tresist______________(persuade)tobuythethingswedon’treallyneedwhileshopping.38.Itisbetter________(stretch)thetightmusclesfirst.39.TheincidentcausedaheateddiscussionontheInternet,butthelocalgovernmenthadnoimmediate_______(commit)toit.40.Tom’sparentsinsistthathe________(make)everyefforttostudyandgetintoagooduniversity,whileTomhimselfinsists________realizinghismusicdream.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

741.Hehadbarelyrememberedherwords,________(prefer)hisowntheory.42.Itisnowstillimpossible________(predict)whenandwhereanearthquakewillbreakout.43.Wecametothe________(conclude)thatsomeonewasnottellingthetruth.44.We________(bless)withnewopportunitiesandfacedwithnewchallenges.45.Thestudentsworkedhardontheirlessonsandfinallytheirefforts_________(reward)withsuccess.第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，在外籍教师Mr.Smith的帮助和指导下，你在你校举办的英语诗歌创作大赛中荣获一等奖。请你就此事给Mr.Smith写封电子邮件，内容包括：1.分享你获奖的好消息；2.感谢Mr.Smith对你的帮助；3.表达你对英语文学的喜爱并恳请继续指导。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总数。DearMr.Smith,Howareyoudoing?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouagain!Andbestwishes.Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Melissawasasingleparentofthreesmallchildren,workingatalow-paidjob.Moneywasalwaystightandshehadtoworkhardtomakeendsmeet.Buttheystillfeltblessedwitharoofovertheir学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8heads,foodontheplate,clothesontheirbacks,andevenifnotalot,alwaysenough.Notknowingtheywerepoor,thekidsjustthoughttheirmotherwasstrictinmoneymanagement.Melissawasreallygladaboutthat.Christmaswasjustaroundthecorner.Althoughtherewasn'tbudgetforalotofgifts,Melissaplannedtopleasethekidswithafamilyparty.Shepreparedweeksaheadoftime,askingonebyonewhatthekidswantedforChristmas.Fortunately,Melissamanagedtospare$80dollarsforthewholefamilytoenjoythefunofChristmasshopping.Thebigdayarrived.MellissadrovethekidstoanearbyWalmartandgaveeachkidatwenty-dollarbill.“Now,mychildren,”sheannounced,“youhavetwohourstopickagiftinthesupermarket.Thenwewillmeetbackatthegate.”Excited,thechildrenscattered(四散)andrushedintothesupermarket.Melissasmiled.Shelookedatherownnoteandputitbackintoherpocket.Well,thechildren'sshiningfaceswerethemostpreciousChristmasgiftforher,weren'tthey?Sittinginthecar,shewaitingpatiently,imaginingwhatgiftsthekidswouldchoose.Shecouldn'twaittosharetheirjoy.Twohourslater,thekidscamebackonebyone.TomandTickrushedtotheirmother,eyestwinklingwithexcitement.TheyshowedtheirgiftstoMelissaandjumpedwithjoy.Thethirdchild,Ginger,wasobviouslyleftbehind,whodraggedherfeettothecar.Toeveryone'ssurprise,Gingerwasempty-handed.Melissasaidnothing,askedthekidstogetintothecarandheadedhome:注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Drivinghome,everyonewastalkingabouttheirgiftsinhighspiritsexcepttheyoungestdaughter,Ginger.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Wehavesomuch,butthehomelessmandoesn'thaveanything,”Gingerexplained.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

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102022-2023学年上学期第一次月考（9月）A卷高二英语·全解全析1234567CBACADC891011121314BCCDCAC15161718192021DGDFBAD22232425262728CACABCA29303132333435CDABACD第一部分阅读理解第一节A【导语】本文是应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍了2022年儿童新闻短篇小说创作大赛的相关信息。1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“Ifyouhaveacreativemindandfantasticstories,hurryupandsubmityourstorybeforeOctober28.(如果你有创意和精彩的故事，赶紧在10月28日前提交你的故事。)”可知，10月28日是最后期限。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Forthoseaged10andunder,theirshortstorymustbebetween250and500words.(对于10岁及以下的孩子，他们的短篇故事必须在250-500字之间。)”可知，10岁以下的孩子写的短篇故事要求字数在250-500之间。故选B项。3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句话“Youaresupposedtowriteashortstoryonanythemeortopicofyourchoice.(你可以根据你选择的任何主题写一篇短篇故事。)”可知，比赛不限定主题。故选A项。B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了23岁的NathanSeawood因为一次事故失去了一条腿，但凭借着坚强的意志，仍然在健身房举重，他的行为激励了周围的人继续努力。4．细节理解题。根据第二段中““It’samentalbattleformyself.”Refusingtobeweigheddownbyhisdisability,Seawooddrawsstrengthfromhismind,ashefightstomakeitthrougheachstep.“Thattakesalotoutofme.IpushmybodysohardthatI’mtired,”saidSeawood,whooncethoughthemighthavetogiveuptheweightsforever.(“这对我来说是一场精神上的战斗。”Seawood拒绝被自己的残疾所拖累，他从自己的思想中汲取力量，努力通过每一步。“这耗费了我很多精力。我对身体的压力太大了，以至于我很累，”Seawood说，他曾经认为他可能不得不永远放弃举重)”可知，在Seawood的举重中起着关键作用的是他坚强的意志。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“SeawoodendedupinahospitalbedwithonelegafterfallingoffaboatinLongLake

11nearTraverseCityinJune,2019.Hisleftleggotcaughtinthepropellerandhadtobecut.(2019年6月，Seawood在特拉弗斯城附近的长湖从船上摔下来，一条腿躺在了医院的病床上。他的左腿被螺旋桨卡住，不得不被切掉)”可知，一次事故导致了NathanSeawood的残疾。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Refusingtobeweigheddownbyhisdisability,Seawooddrawsstrengthfromhismind,ashefightstomakeitthrougheachstep.(Seawood拒绝被自己的残疾所拖累，他从自己的思想中汲取力量，努力通过每一步)”以及最后一段“Despitelife’sbestattempttoknockhimdown,Seawoodisstillstanding,andwhilehemayexercisedifferentlyfromothers,he’sthankfultostillbemoving.“Imighthaveadisability,butI’mnotdisabled,”Seawoodsaid.(尽管生活想尽办法把他打倒，但Seawood仍然站着，虽然他的运动方式可能与其他人不同，但他很庆幸自己还能活动。“我可能有残疾，但我不是无能，”Seawood说)”可推知，NathanSeawood坚定而积极。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据第六段““Hefacesdifficultiesmostofusdon’thaveto,”JeffPhillips,whoownsthegym,said.“Imean,he’sinhereandheonlyhasoneleg,buthe’sdoingalotofthesameliftseverybodywithtwolegsaredoing.It’ssurelyencouragingtoseehimdoingthat.”(“他面临着我们大多数人不需要面对的困难，”这家健身房的老板JeffPhillips说。“我的意思是，他在这里，他只有一条腿，但他做了很多举重，和所有两条腿的人做的一样。看到他这样做肯定是令人鼓舞的。”)”可推知，在第六段提到JeffPhillips是为了高度评价Seawood。故选C。C【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的一项最新研究表明，机器人运行一段时间后也需要一段时间的休息，这种休息带来的好处与睡眠给人类带来的好处类似。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Noonecansaywhetherhuman-likerobotswillhaveasweetdream,buttheywillalmostcertainlyneedperiodsofrestthatofferbenefitslikewhatsleepprovidestolivingbrains,accordingtonewresearchfromLosAlamosNationalLaboratory(LANL).(洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的一项最新研究表明，没有人能说类人机器人是否会做一个甜美的梦，但它们几乎肯定需要休息一段时间，这种休息带来的好处与睡眠给人类带来的好处类似)”以及第二段“Watkinsandherresearchteamfoundthatthenetworksimulationsbecameunstableaftercontinuousperiodsofunattendedlearning.(沃特金斯和她的研究团队发现，在连续的无人值守学习后，网络模拟变得不稳定)”可知，沃特金斯和她的研究团队发现人造大脑可能也需要休息。故选B项。9．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Watkinsandherresearchteamfoundthatthenetworksimulationsbecameunstableaftercontinuousperiodsofunattendedlearning.Whentheyexposedthenetworkstostatesthatareanalogoustowhatlivingbrainsexperienceduringsleep,stabilitywasrecovered.“Itwasasthoughweweregivingtheneuralnetworksagoodnight’srest,”saidWatkins.(沃特金斯和她的研究团队发现，在连续的无人值守学习后，网络模拟变得不稳定。当他们将网络暴露在analogous人脑在睡眠中经历的状态时，稳定性得到了恢复。沃特金斯说：“这就像我们让神经网络好好休息了一夜。”)”可知，在连续的无人值守学习后，人造大脑的网络变得不稳定，当将网络置于类似于人脑睡眠的状态时，稳定性得以恢复，推测划线单词表示“类似的”，与similar同义。故选C项。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thegroup’snextgoalistoapplytheiralgorithmtoIntel’sLoihi,aproductwhich

12usesspikingneuralnetworkstowork.TheyhopeallowingLoihitosleepfromtimetotimewillenableittostablyprocessinformationfromacamerainrealtime.Ifitcanconfirmtheneedforsleepinartificialbrains,wecanprobablyexpectthesametobetrueofhuman-likerobotsandotherintelligentmachinesthatmaycomeaboutinthefuture.(该团队的下一个目标是将他们的算法应用于英特尔的Loihi，这是一种使用尖峰神经网络工作的产品。他们希望，允许Loihi不时睡觉将使它能够稳定地实时处理来自摄像机的信息。如果它能证实在人造大脑中睡眠的必要性，我们很可能期望类似人类的机器人和未来可能出现的其他智能机器也是如此)”可知，研究人员会将该算法应用于Loihi是为了进一步证实他们的发现，睡眠对于人造大脑而言是必要的。故选C项。11．推理判断题。根据第一段“Noonecansaywhetherhuman-likerobotswillhaveasweetdream,buttheywillalmostcertainlyneedperiodsofrestthatofferbenefitslikewhatsleepprovidestolivingbrains,accordingtonewresearchfromLosAlamosNationalLaboratory(LANL).(洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的一项最新研究表明，没有人能说类人机器人是否会做一个甜美的梦，但它们几乎肯定需要休息一段时间，这种休息带来的好处与睡眠给人类带来的好处类似)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的一项最新研究表明，机器人运行一段时间后也需要一段时间的休息，推测文章可能出自计算机与科学部分。故选D项。D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新型饮用水Oohobubble的产生背景、研发过程以及投放市场前所做的准备等情况。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itisawell-knownfactthatplasticbottles,whichtakehundredsofyearstorot,areharmfultoourenvironment.(众所周知，塑料瓶要几百年才能腐烂，对我们的环境有害。)”以及“TheU.S.aloneusesover50millionplasticbottlesannually,80%ofwhichendupinlandfills.(仅美国每年就使用超过5000万个塑料瓶，其中80%最终被扔进了垃圾填埋场。)”可知，Oohobubble被研发出来的目的是为了结局塑料造成的污染问题。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However,thereareafewchallengesthatstillneedtobeovercomebeforetheproduct’slaunch.(然而，在产品发布之前还有一些挑战需要克服。)”可知，Oohobubble研发者在接下来会解决产品存在的具体问题。故选A。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hopefully,theinventorswillfindwaystohandletheissuessothatwecanreduce,orperhapsevenremove,plasticbottles.(希望发明者能找到解决问题的方法，这样我们就能减少，甚至移除塑料瓶。)”可知，作者对Oohobubble投放市场是充满信心的。故选C。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了新型饮用水Oohobubble的产生背景、研发过程以及投放市场前所做的准备等情况。同时文章也指出，研发这种饮用水的目的是为了解决塑料水瓶带来的污染问题。故D选项“TheOohoBubbleAimstoRemovePlasticBottles(“Ooho泡泡”旨在去除塑料瓶)”能够概括文章大意。故选D。第二节七选五【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了如何采纳别人给你的建议。16．选项G.Therearestilltipsmakingiteasierforyoutodecidewhattodo,

13though.(不过，仍然有一些技巧可以让你更容易决定要做什么。)与上下文呼应。该句中的easier与上文中的hard形成对比；同时，下文中的them指的就是该句中的tips。故选G。17．根据前文“Listentoyourselffirst.(听你自己的。)”可知，本段的中心是听从自己的内心想法；空格前为举例证明本段中心思想，D选项“你内心的声音告诉你自己这是错的，你应该听从（它）”符合语境。故选D。18．根据后文“However,justbecausesomeoneissuccessfulintheirfielddoesn'tnecessarilymeanthey'llgiveyougoodadvice.(然而，仅仅因为某人在他们的领域取得了成功并不一定意味着他们会给你好的建议。)”中的转折词However可知，空格处的句意与后句句意相反，F选项“Goodadvicealwayscomesfromthosewhoareexpertsonthesubject.”（好的建议总是来自于这方面的专家）与后句构成转折关系，故选F。19．根据后文“Instead,reachouttoseveralpeoplewhosejudgmentandexperienceyoureallytrust.(相反，多与你真正信任其判断和经验的人接触。)”中的Instead可知，空格处的句意与后句句意相反，即：我们不能只从一人身上寻求意见；前文“Seekseveraldifferentopinions.(寻求不同的意见。)”也说明我们要从不同人身上寻求不同意见，故选B。20．后文“Takealittlebitoftimetothinkoveranyadvicesomeoneoffersevenifyouhavetomakeaquickdecision.(花一点时间考虑一下别人提供的建议，即使你必须迅速做出决定。)”与选项A“给自己时间思考你收到的建议”所讲的内容一致，前后文连接顺畅，故选A。第二部分第一节完形填空【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了英裔比利时籍姑娘扎拉·拉瑟福德独自驾驶飞机环球飞行的故事。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位英籍比利时飞行员于2021年8月18日开始了她的环球之旅。A.surfer冲浪运动员；B.soldier士兵；C.engineer工程师；D.pilot飞行员。根据上文的“theyoungestwomantoflyalonearoundtheworld”和下文的内容可知，扎拉·拉瑟福德(ZaraRutherford)是英裔比利时籍的飞行员。故选D。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行原计划花三个月的时间。A.challenge挑战；B.passage通道；C.flight飞行；D.sailing航行。根据上文的“theyoungestwomantoflyalonearoundtheworld”和下文的内容“Withmyflight”可知，扎拉·拉瑟福德(ZaraRutherford)是英裔比利时籍的飞行员，进行环游世界飞行。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但恶劣的天气和签证延误使她停飞，并将行程延长了大约两个月。A.extended延长；扩展；B.developed发展；C.designed设计；D.explored探讨。根据上文的“Butbadweatherandvisadelayskepthergrounded”可知，因为糟糕的天气等原因，扎拉的飞行时间被迫延长两个月。故选A。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来她从比利时出发，向西越过英国、冰岛和格陵兰岛。A.directed指导；B.forced迫使；C.headed朝着；D.pushed敦促。根据上文的“thenshestartedinBelgium”和下文的“westoverBritain”可知，然后扎拉从比利时出发，向西飞去。headed意为“朝某个方向行进”。故选C。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一场冬季暴风雪迫使她在俄罗斯又停留了很长一段时间，之后她前往韩国、中东，然后返回欧洲。A.pause停顿；B.holiday假日；C.sleep睡眠；D.rest休息。根据上文的“Rutherfordcouldn’tleaveAlaskaduetoweatherandvisadelays.”可知，暴风雪又迫使扎拉不得不在俄罗斯停留一段时间。故选A。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.moved移动；B.returned返回；C.travelled旅行；D.rushed猛冲。根据第二段的“AndthenshestartedinBelgium”可知，扎拉结束自己的飞行路线后会回到欧洲。故选B。

1427．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了满足环球飞行的要求，拉瑟福德不得不在地球上两个相对的地点降落：印度尼西亚的占碑省和哥伦比亚的图马科。A.curiosity好奇心；B.deadline截止期限；C.requirement要求；D.permission准许。根据下文的“foraround-the-worldflight”可知，为了符合环球飞行的要求，飞行员得在印尼的占碑省和哥伦比亚的图马科省降落。meettherequirementfor…意为“满足……的要求”。故选C。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从德国出发的最后一段旅程很艰难。A.difficult困难的；B.necessary必要的；C.secure安全的；D.dependent依赖的。根据下文的“forshehadtodealwithrainandsnow”可知，扎拉的最后一段飞行非常艰难。故选A。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她很高兴在降落前有比利时空军的陪同，她很感激他们陪伴。A.rescued挽救；B.watched看；C.accompanied陪伴；D.praised表扬。根据下文的“bytheBelgianAirForcebeforelanding”和“whichshefeltgratefulfortheircompany.”可知，在飞机降落前，比利时空军陪伴扎拉一起飞行。故选C。30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：拉瑟福德从6岁起就总是和她的飞行员父母一起乘坐小型飞机旅行。A.yet然而；B.ever曾经；C.still然而；D.always总是。根据下文的“sinceshewassix”可知，自从六岁时，扎拉就一直和父母乘坐小型飞机旅行。故选D。31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她梦想成为一名宇航员，她希望她的这次旅程能让更多的女性对科学、技术和航空感兴趣。A.dreamsof梦想；B.caresabout在乎；关心；C.insistson坚持；D.relieson依靠。根据“Shegainedherpilot’slicensein2020andstartedflyingherselfat14.”可知，扎拉渴望成为一名宇航员。故选A。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.upset打翻；B.interested使感兴趣；C.included包括；D.puzzled使迷惑。根据“shehopes”和上文提到的扎拉对飞行的爱好可推断，扎拉也希望自己的环球飞行能激发更多的女性对科学、技术和飞行等领域的兴趣。故选B。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩们被教给选择他们的职业成为科学家、宇航员、首席执行官或总统。A.careers事业；职业；B.hobbies爱好；C.chances机会；D.responsibilities责任。根据下文的“asscientists,astronauts,CEOsorpresidents”可知，男孩子们从小被教育要从事科学家、宇航员、首席执行官或总统等职业。故选A。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们经常鼓励女孩们要漂亮、善良、乐于助人和可爱。A.reminded提醒；B.warned警告；C.encouraged鼓励；D.informed通知。根据上文的“Boysaretaught”可知，女孩子们被鼓励成为美丽、善良、助人为乐且可爱的人。故选C。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过我的这次飞行，我想向年轻女性展示，她们可以有雄心，实现自己的梦想。A.energetic精力充沛的；B.confident自信的；C.logical符合逻辑的；D.ambitious有抱负的。根据上文的“Withmyflight”和下文的“maketheirdreamscometrue”可知，扎拉希望自己的飞行可以让人们相信女孩子也可以成为一个有理想抱负的人。故选D。第二节语法填空36．Apparently【详解】考查副词。句意：很显然，不久他们就会离婚。空处在句中为状语，所以用副词。apparently“显而易见”为副词，在句首首字母要大写。故填Apparently。37．beingpersuaded【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有时我们在购物时忍不住被说服去买我们并不真正需要的东西。can’tresistdoing

15sth.为固定短语，意为“忍不住做某事”，we和persuade为被动关系，需用动名词的被动式，作宾语。故填beingpersuaded。38．tostretch【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最好先拉伸一下紧绷的肌肉。it做形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填tostretch。39．commitment【详解】考查名词。句意：这起事件在互联网上引起了激烈的讨论，但当地政府没有立即对此做出承诺。分析句子可知，空处前有形容词immediate修饰空处，空处应填名词作宾语，结合语意可知，此处意为“承诺”，应用名词commitment。故填commitment。40．    shouldmake##make    on##upon【详解】考查虚拟语气和固定短语。句意：汤姆的父母坚持要求他应该尽一切努力学习并考上一所好大学，而汤姆本人则坚持要实现他的音乐梦想。分析句子可知，空格一前面insist意为“坚持要求”，动词词性，后接that从句，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”，故空格一应填“shouldmake”或“make”；空格二所在句涉及固定短语insiston/upondoingsth.，意为“坚持做某事”，on/upon为介词，后接动名词作宾语，故空格二应填“on”或“upon”。故填①shouldmake或make；②on或upon。41．preferring【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他几乎不记得她的话，更倾向于自己的理论。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。主语He与prefer是逻辑主谓关系，设空处故填现在分词preferring，作状语，故填preferring。42．topredict【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：现在仍然无法预测地震会在何时何地发生。Itbepossible/impossibeltodo...为固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构；本句中It是形式主语，“(predict)whenandwhereanearthquakewillbreakout”是真正的主语，用不定式形式。故填topredict。43．conclusion【详解】考查名词。句意：我们得出结论，有人没有说实话。由冠词the可知空处是名词，根据句意及英文提示，应填conclusion，本句是同位语从句，句子描述的是得出一个结论，故空处应用单数形式；故填conclusion。44．areblessed【详解】考生时态。句意：我们有幸获得了新的机遇，也面临着新的挑战。beblessedwith(幸运地享有、有幸得到、享有的)，讲述现在的一种情况，用一般现在时，主语We，用are。故填areblessed。45．wererewarded【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：学生们努力学习功课，最后他们的努力得到了成功的回报。此处为谓语动词。根据句意和前文worked可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词reward和主语theirefforts之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，主谓一致，故填wererewarded。第三部分书面表达第一节DearMr.Smith,I’mLiHua,yourformerstudentinChina.IamwritingtoexpressmythankstoyouforhelpingmeimprovemyspokenEnglish.IhavealreadywonthefirstprizeintheEnglishPoetryWritingcompetition.Thankstoyourhelp,Igotsomuchunforgettableexperience.I’mreallygratefultoyouforyourhelp,withoutwhichitwouldhavebeenmuchmoredifficultforme.IstillrememberthedayswhenyoutaughtmeEnglish.MyEnglishhasbeenimprovedgreatlybecauseofyourcreative

16work.I’minterestedinEnglishliterature.Ifthereisachance,Iamlookingforwardtoyourguidance.Thankyouagain!Andbestwishes.Yourssincerely,LiHua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，在外籍教师Mr.Smith的帮助和指导下，你在你校举办的英语诗歌创作大赛中荣获一等奖。请你就此事给Mr.Smith写封电子邮件。【详解】1.词汇积累口语：spokenEnglish→oralEnglish表达：express→convey感谢的：grateful→thankful机会：chance→opportunity2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：IhavealreadywonthefirstprizeintheEnglishPoetryWritingcompetition.Thankstoyourhelp,Igotsomuchunforgettableexperience.拓展句：Thankstoyourhelp,IhavealreadywonthefirstprizeintheEnglishPoetryWritingcompetition,whichmademegetsomuchunforgettableexperience.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mreallygratefultoyouforyourhelp,withoutwhichitwouldhavebeenmuchmoredifficultforme.(运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Ifthereisachance,Iamlookingforwardtoyoureducationandguidance.(运用了if引导条件状语从句)第二节Drivinghome,everyonewastalkingabouttheirgiftsinhighspiritsexcepttheyoungestdaughter,Ginger.Feelingpuzzled,MelissaaskedwhatshehadboughtforChristmas.“Nothing.”Gingerwhispered,loweringherhead.OtherkidsstoppedtalkingandturnedtoGinger.“Areyoukidding?Didyouloseyourmoney?”Theystaredatthelittlegirl,theirfaceslightingupwithsurprise.Gingershookherheadandsaidthatshegavethebilltoamanwhowasbeggingoutsidethesupermarket.Themaninragswasstandingincoldweather.Therewasnodoubtthathewashomelessandhadahardtime.“Wehavesomuch,butthehomelessmandoesn'thaveanything,”Gingerexplained.“Iamwillingtosharemyhappinesswithhim.Ihopehecanbuywarmclothesortreathimselftoagooddinner.”Sheadded,witheyesshiningwithexcitement.Hearingherdaughters'words,Melissafeltasenseofpridesweptthroughher.“Whatyoudidisright,Ginger.Youaresuchakindchildthatweareproudofyou,”shesaid.Arrivinghome,theyhadasmallpartyandtheotherkidsofferedtosharetheirgiftswithGinger.Itwasthespecialexperiencethatmadethekidsrealizesharingisimportant.【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位单亲妈妈梅丽莎在圣诞节带三个孩子去购物，小女儿金吉尔没有给自己准备礼物，而是选择把钱给了超市门前的一位乞丐的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“在开车回家的路上，除了最小的女儿金吉尔，每个人都兴高采烈地谈论着他们的礼物。”可知，第一段可描写家人们询问金吉尔买了什么礼物。

17②由第二段首句内容““我们有这么多，但无家可归的人什么都没有，”金吉尔解释说。”可知，第二段可描写金吉尔解释为什么自己把钱给了超市门外乞讨的人。2.续写线索：询问金吉尔买了什么礼物——告知没有买，把钱送给了乞讨的人——解释原因——为她感到骄傲3.词汇激活行为类①主动做某事：offertodo/makeanoffertodo/bewillingtodo②注视：stareat/gazeat/lookat③到家：arrivehome/reachhome/gethome情绪类①困惑的：puzzled/confused②为……感到自豪：beproudof/takepridein【点睛】[高分句型1].Gingershookherheadandsaidthatshegavethebilltoamanwhowasbeggingoutsidethesupermarket.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及who引导的定语从句）[高分句型2].Therewasnodoubtthathewashomelessandhadahardtime.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）