2022-2023学年高二英语上学期月考（9月）A卷（译林版版2020考试全解全析版）

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2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考（9月）A卷英语试题（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．测试范围：5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASomecollegeshavestartedofferingtheirowngapyearprogramstosupportstudentswhowanttotakeayearoffinameaningfulway.Below,we’lllookatfouroftheseprograms.AmericanUniversityGapProgramWhentoapply:ByJuly15orNovember15Istherefundingavailable?No.InAmericanUniversityGapProgram,studentsspendthreedaysperweekwithagovernmentorbusinessorganizationinthecity.Studentsgoonfieldtrips,listentoguestspeakers,takepartinhands-onlessonsandworkonserviceprojectsasagroup.Studentswhocompletetheprogramcanearnsevencredits.DukeUniversityGapYearProgramWhentoapply:ByearlyMayofeachyearIstherefundingavailable?Yes,$5,000to$15,000.ThoughDukeUniversityhasnocourseofstudyorexperienceforitsgapyearprogram,itencouragesstudentstohaveanindependentplanfortheiryearoff,particularlyonethatpromotespersonalgrowth.Independentexperiencesmayincludecommunityservice,personalizedexperientiallearningopportunitiesandothers.FloridaStateUniversityGapYearWhentoapply:ByFebruary24Istherefundingavailable?Yes,upto$5,000.FloridaStateUniversityoffersgapyearfundingtostudentswishingtoworkorvolunteerbeforestarting学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1college.Inordertogetthemomey,studentsmustexplaintheirplansfortheirgapyear.Theexperiencemustlastoveroneyear.StNorbertCollegeBridgeYearExperienceWhentoapply:notspecifiedIstherefundingavailable?Notspecified.StudentstakingpartintheBridgeYearExperiencecantraveltolocationssuchasNewMexico,WisconsinandGuatemaladuringthefallterm,wheretheylearnaboutthelocalcultures,takecoursesandgetserviceopportunities.1.WhatdoesDukeUniversityadvisestudentstododuringtheirgapyear?A.Focusontheirpersonalgrowth.B.Beindependentoftheirparents.C.ApplybeforetheendofNovember.D.Contactsomeoff-campusorganization.2.HowcanstudentsgetgapyearfundingfromFloridaStateUniversity?A.Byhavingextracredits.B.Byorganizingseveralprojects.C.Byshowingtheirgapplans.D.Bydoingvolunteerwork.3.Ifyouareinterestedintravelling,youcanchoose________.A.FloridaStateUniversityGapYearB.AmericanUniversityGapProgramC.DukeUniversityGapYearProgramD.St.NorbertCollegeBridgeYearExperienceBI'vebeenavolunteerintheMacmillan@GlasgowLibrariesprogrammeforjustoverayear.IgotinvolvedbecauseIwaslookingforsomethingtovolunteerforafterIretiredfromwork.IthoughtbeingaMacmillanCancerInformationandSupportVolunteermightbeagoodwaytodothatbyusingsomeoftheskillsIlearntatwork.Atonetime,IfeltImadearealdifferencewhenaladycameintousetheservice.Shewasveryupset,butshewasnotthepersonwithcancer.Itwasherpartner.Shehadlotsofthingsonhermind.We,togetherwithacounselor,hadachatabouthertohelpdealwithalltheemotions(情感)shefelt.Weknewwecouldarrangesomething,sowediscussedwithherwhatcouldbedoneforherfamily.Shewasrelievedthatwecouldgetsomethingarrangedforherandlikedthefactthatwemanagedtogettheballrollingduringhervisit.Thegoodthingabouthavingtheservicesinthelibraryisthattheenvironmentisnonclinicalandthereforemorerelaxingthanthehospitalordoctor'ssurgery.Theteaminthelibraryarenotmedicallytrained.Thatmeanswedonotusebigwordsormedicaltermsveryoften.It'sgreatthatthepeoplewhovolunteerallworkwelltogether,helpingeachothertogetaresolution(解决方法)forpeoplewhocomein.It'sgoodtohavetheteamattheotherendofthephonewheneverwegetsomethingunusual.Itisapleasuretobeabletohelpasavolunteer.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A.Heisaretireddoctor.B.Heisvolunteeringinahospital.C.Heisacounselorincancer.D.Hehasfoughtagainstcancerbefore.5.Whydidtheladyfeelupset?学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2A.Becauseshewasaffectedbycancer.B.Becauseherhusbandsufferedfromcancer.C.Becauseshedidn'tknowhowtotreatcancer.D.Becauseshehadapoorrelationwithherhusband.6.Whatdoweknowaboutthevolunteers?A.Theydowellinteamwork.B.Theyreceivemedicaltraining.C.Theyallusedtobehelped.D.Theyoftenmeetunusualthings.7.Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?A.Tocallonreaderstodovoluntarywork.B.Toshowushowtohelpthoseintrouble.C.Tosharehisexperiencesasavolunteer.D.Toteachushowtotakecareofcancerpatients.CAmericanswearblackformourning.Chinesewearwhite.Westernersthinkofdragonsasmonsters.ChinesehonorthemassymbolsofGod.Chinesecivilizationhasoftenshownsuchpolarities(极性）withtheWest,asthougheachstandsatextremeendsofaglobalstring.NowintheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,apsychologisthasdiscovereddeeperpolaritiesbetweenChineseandAmericancultures-polaritiesthatgototheheartofhowwereasonanddiscovertruth.HisfindingsgofartowardexplainingwhyAmericanculturesseemsocontentiousandChineseculturessopassive,whencomparedtoeachother.Moreimportantly,theresearchopensthewayforthepeoplesoftheEastandtheWesttolearnfromeachotherinfundamentalways.TheChinesecouldlearnmuchfromWesternmethodsfordeterminingscientifictruth,saidPengKaiping,aformerBeijingscholar,whoisnowaUCBerkeleyassistantprofessorofpsychology.AndAmericanscouldprofitenormouslyfromtheChinesetoleranceforacceptingcontradictions(矛盾）insocialandpersonallife,hesaid.“Americanshaveaterribleneedtofindoutwhoisrightinanargument,"saidPeng."Theproblemisthatattheinterpersonallevel,youreallydon'tneedtofindthetruth,ormaybethereisn'tany.”Chinesepeople,saidPeng,arefarmorecontenttothinkthatbothsideshaveflaws(缺陷）andvirtues,becausetheyhaveaholisticawarenessthatlifeisfullofcontradictions.TheydofarlessblamingoftheindividualthanAmericansdo,headded.Instudiesofinterpersonalargument,forexample,whensubjectswereaskedtodealwithcontradictoryinformationstemmingfromconflictbetweenamotherandadaughterorastudentandaschool,PengfoundthatAmericanswere"uncompromising,blamingoneside-usuallythemother-forthecausesoftheproblems,demandingchangesfromonesidetoattainasolutionandofferingnocompromise”indealingwiththeconflict.Comparedtothisangry,blamingAmericanstance,theChinesewereparagons(模范）ofcompromise,findingfaultonbothsidesandlookingforsolutionsthatmovedbothsidestothemiddle.8.InParagraph1,theauthoroffersexamplesinorderto_______A.exposethecontradictionbetweenChineseandAmericansB.showthedifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandAmericanculture学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3C.findthereasonforthedifferencesD.generalizethemainideaofthepassage9.Theunderlinedword"contentious”inParagraph2probablymeans“_______”A.ConservativeB.aggressiveC.objectiveD.subjective10.ComparedwithAmericans,Chineseare_______A.likelytofindthetruthinlifeB.reluctanttoadmittheirfailureC.reluctanttohaveageneralideaofthingsD.likelytoknowadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthings11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CultureDifferencesBetweenAmericaandChinaB.DifferentWaysforMourningBetweenAmericaandChinaC.DifferentWaysforTreatingtheAgedBetweenAmericaandChinaD.TheStudyaboutAmericanandChineseDTeensandtheirteachersknowwellthatearly-morningclassescanbetiring.Doctorsnowhaveasolution:forbetterteenhealth,pushthesleepbuttononschoolstarttimes.JanetCroft,whostudiesteensandsleepattheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)inAtlantahighschools,says,“Mostteensareactuallybraindeadwhentheygototheseearlyclasses.Toomanystudentsstarttheirdayaswalkingzombies(僵尸).”Onereportstressestheimportanceofsleepforteensanddescribesthedangersfromnotgettingenoughsleep.Studiesinthepasthaveshownoverandoverthatteenslackingsleepfacehigherrisksofbeingoverweightandbeingfrustrated.Manyteensgettoolittlesleepbecausetheyattendmiddleandhighschoolsthatstartearlierthan8:30am.AccordingtotheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(AAP),thoseearlystarttimesthrowoffastudent’sinternalbodyrhythm,calledthecircadianclock(生物钟).Toolittlesleepdisturbsthatclockandcausesproblems.ThestudyconductedbytheNationalSleepFoundationfoundthatnearly6inevery10middleschoolstudentsand9in10highschoolstudentsaresleepingtoolittle.Yetmanyparentsaren’tawareofthis.Inthesamestudy,7ofevery10parentssaidtheybelievedtheirkidsdidsleepenough.Thatstudyshowstoomanyparentsareunawareofthescienceonteen-sleepneeds,saysOwens.KylaWahlstrom,aformerteacher,whohasspentalotoftimewithteenslackingsleep,says:“Anincrediblenumberofstudentsareeithersleepingattheirdesksorsittingtherelikealump,notaskingquestionsorraisingtheirhands.”Gettingenoughsleepcanhelpateenontheinside,too.Severalstudieshaveshownthatchildrenand学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4teenagerswhodon’tsleepenougharemorelikelytobecomeobese,orextremelyoverweight.Teenslackingsleepalsoaremorelikelytosufferfromanxiety,depressionandmooddisorders.It’stimetorecognizehowimportantsleepis,particularlytoteenagers.12.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressbymentioning“walkingzombies”inParagraph2?A.Thestudents’brainhealthisworrying.B.Thestudentsarefondofcomputergames.C.Thestudentsaresousedtostayingupverylate.D.Thestudentsareinabadstateoflearninginearlyclasses.13.AccordingtoAAPinParagraph4,earlyschoolschedulesaffectteensby______.A.increasingtheircourseloadB.affectingtheircircadianclockC.affectingtheirperformanceatschoolD.disturbingtheirrelationshipswithclassmates14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thenumberofteenslackingsleepisgrowingfast.B.Physicalandmentalhealthareequallyimportanttoteens.C.Itisreallynecessarytoadjustschoolstarttimesinthemorning.D.Teachersshouldtakemeasurestoraisestudents’interestinlearning.15.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Parentsareunawareoftheirkids’sleepcondition.B.BeingoverweightisverycommonamongAmericanteens.C.Earlyschoolstarttimescanturnteensintothewalkingdead.D.Researchershavefoundouthowsleepisrelatedtoteens’study.第二节:（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Forhumans,ignorance(无知)isinevitable(不可避免的):It'sournaturalstate.There'stoomuchcomplexityintheworldforanyindividualtomaster.Ignorancecanbefrustrating,buttheproblemisnotignoranceitself.____16___.AccordingtoDavidDunning,ignorantpeopledon'tknowhowignoranttheyare.Ifyougiveagroupofpeopleatasktodoandthenaskthemhowwelltheythinkthey'vedoneonthetask.Poorperformersoverestimate学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5howwellthey'vedone;strongperformersoftenunderestimatetheirperformance:Thisisbecausethosewholackskillsalsolacktheknowledgeofwhatskillsthey'remissing.___17__Thosewhohaveskillsknowwhatskillstheycouldimproveon.Ourignorance,ingeneral,shapesourlivesinwayswedonotknowabout.Putsimply,peopletendtodowhattheyknowandfailtodowhattheydon'tknow.____18___Peoplefailtoreachtheirpotentialsimplybecausetheyarenotawareofthepossible.Thisisafactoflife.___19___Wewon'tmissDisneylandifwedon'tknowit'sthere.Formanyexpensivethings,thelessyouknowaboutthem,thelessyou'llmissthemandthehappieryou'llbe.___20__Ifwedon'tknowaboutbirthcontrol,thenwewon'tuseit.Ifweremainignorantaboutthehorrorsthataregoingonnextdoor,wewon'tdowhat'snecessarytostopthem.Andifweareignorantaboutthedangerousthingsourchildrenaregettinginto,disastercanfollow.A.Ignorancemeansyouhaveneither.B.Sotheythinkthey'reprettygood.C.It’sthetroublewegetintobynotrecognizingit.D.Butignorancehascosts.E.It'sknowledgeofpossibilitiesthatmakesusmissthem.F.Wecan'tchoosewhatwedon'tknowabout.G.Inthatway,ignorancechannelsthecoursewetakeinlife.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2014,theVarkeyFoundationestablishedtheGlobalTeacherPrize.Itistoreawakentheworld's___21___andimportanceofteachers.Thisyear'sPrize___22___toDisale,aprimaryschoolteacherfromIndia.Shortlyafterthe___23___inLondon,Disaleannouncedthatheintendedto___24___halfoftheprizemoneywiththeothernineco-finalists.Hewantedthemto___25___andlightenthelivesofmorestudents.Backin2007,Disalehadtoenroll（加入）inateacher-trainingprogram___26___afterbeingrefusedbyanengineeringuniversityofhischoice.However,hesoonrealizedtheimpacteducatorscouldmakeon___27___lives.Aftergraduating,heaccepteda___28___inatinyvillage.Theschoolbuildingwasfarfromsatisfactory.What'sworse,thevillagers___29___education,especiallyforgirls.Eventhecourseswerenotwritteninthe学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6nativelanguage,Kannada.Disalesteppeduptothe____30____byfirstlearningKannadahimselfandthentranslatingallthetextbooksintothenativelanguage.Heevenorganizedafter-school"Edutainment"activitiestoawakenthestudents'____31____His____32____havepaidoffandextended（延伸）beyondhistinyvillage.Today,histinyschoolhas____33____100percentattendancefromgirls.Hisproject,Let'sCrosstheBorders,isdesignedtobuild____34____betweenyoungpeopleinconflictzones.Givenhiscommitment,itis____35____thathehasreceivedtheprize.21.A.imaginationB.appreciationC.delightD.discussion22.A.wentB.appealedC.turnedD.tended23.A.calculationB.visitC.ceremonyD.arrangement24.A.exchangeB.spendC.shareD.save25.A.standoutB.showupC.comeupD.reachout26.A.particularlyB.happilyC.unwiselyD.unwillingly27.A.youngB.fragileC.lonelyD.common28.A.titleB.positionC.rewardD.promotion29.A.doubtedB.choseC.assessedD.balanced30.A.challengeB.fameC.standardD.danger31.A.memoryB.curiosityC.toleranceD.sympathy32.A.skillsB.ambitionsC.betsD.efforts33.A.requiredB.forcedC.achievedD.supported34.A.courageB.peaceC.truthD.mercy35.A.surprisingB.legalC.interestingD.natural第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式ThelasttimeTokyohostingtheSummerOlympicGameswasin1964.____36____(welcome)athletesandfansfromaroundtheworld,some75,000peopleroaredwithapplauseattheopeningceremonies.Theathletessnakedthroughcrowdsoffans____37____(wave)flagsduringthetorchrelay(火炬传递).Butthisyear,Tokyolookedandfeltnothing____38____thoseGames—oranyotherOlympicsofthepast.Therewerenospectatorsin____39____Tokyoarea.Forthefirsttime,anOlympics____40____(postpone)duetothecoronaviruspandemic(流行病)____41____hasspreadthroughouttheworld.The2020TokyoOlympics,asitisstillbrandeddespitebeingheldinsummer2021,was____42____(large)avirtualandmuted（无声的）affair.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7Withasummerresurgence(复苏)ofCOVIDcasesinTokyoandtheglobalriseofthedeltavariant(变异),OlympicsofficialsinearlyJulydecidednoticketedspectatorswouldbeallowedat____43____(compete)inandaroundTokyo.BrandnewOlympicvenuesremainedvacantoffansasathletescompeted.Marathonrunnersandracewalkerscompetedin____44____(silent)withoutanycrowdscheeringthemon.Perhapsthe_____45_____(different)partwasthatfanscouldclickthe“Cheer”buttonontheOlympicsvirtual-viewingplatform.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：应用文（满分15分）假定你是李华，上周六你的英国好友Eric教你如何创建个人网站，你从中学到很多知识。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.简述Eric给予你的帮助；3.希望向Eric学习更多相关知识。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearEric,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Mygrandmawhowascrippled(跛腿的)wasdancing.Istoodinthedoorway,absolutelyshocked.IheardhersingingwhenIopenedthedoorbutdidnotwanttointerrupther.Shewaswearingbeautifuldancingshoesandherlegsobeyedherperfectly.AslongasIcouldremember,shewasoncethepetofthedancingworld.Butitwasalloverafterasuddenaccident.Shehadalwayslimped,helpedwithacane(手杖).Sheturnedaroundandsawmestandinginthedoorway.Hersongended,andherbeautifulmovementswithit.Grandmaturnedtowardsthekitchen.Shewaswalkingwithnodifficultiesinherbeautifulshoes.Ifollowed学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8her,notbelievingmyeyes.“So...”Iaskedsurprisedlybuthappily.“Howdidyourlegrecover?”“Totellyouthetruth,mylegshavebeenwellallmylife,”shesaid.“ButIdon’tunderstand!”Isaid.“Imean...Youpretendedalltheseyears?”“Verymuchso,”Grandmaclosedhereyes,“andforaverygoodreason.”“Whatreason?”“Yourgrandpa.”“Youmeanhetoldyounottodance?”“No,thiswasmychoice.IamsureIwouldhavelosthimifIhadcontinueddancing.Iweighedfameandloveagainsteachotherandlovewon.”“Weweretalkingabouttheengagement(订婚)whenyourgrandpahadtogotowar.Itwasthemostterribledayofmylifewhenheleft.Iwassoafraidoflosinghim,andtheonlywayIcouldstaypeacefulwastodance.Andthenonedayalettercame.Therewereonlythreesentences:‘Ihavelostmyleg.Iamnolongerawholemanandnowgiveyouyourfreedom.Itisbestforyoutoforgetme.’”GrandmacontinuedtotellmethatGrandpawasinhospitalandshemadeherdecisionnottogivehimup.Shetookherleave,andtraveledawayfromthecity.Para1:Severalweekslater,shereturned.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2:Shetookadeepbreath,leanedonhercaneandlimpedtoGrandpa.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学科网（北京）股份有限公司

92022-2023学年上学期第一次月考（9月）A卷高二英语·全解全析第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个大学的间隔年项目情况。1.A细节理解题。根据DukeUniversityGapYearProgram部分中“ThoughDukeUniversityhasnocourseofstudyorexperienceforitsgapyearprogram,itencouragesstudentstohaveanindependentplanfortheiryearoff,particularlyonethatpromotespersonalgrowth.(尽管杜克大学的间隔年项目没有课程或经历，但它鼓励学生为自己的间隔年制定一个独立的计划，尤其是能促进个人成长的计划)”可知，杜克大学建议学生在间隔年关注他们的个人成长。故选A。2.C细节理解题。根据FloridaStateUniversityGapYear部分中“FloridaStateUniversityoffersgapyearfundingtostudentswishingtoworkorvolunteerbeforestartingcollege.Inordertogetthemomey,studentsmustexplaintheirplansfortheirgapyear.(佛罗里达州立大学为希望在上大学前工作或做志愿者的学生提供间隔年资金。为了拿到这笔钱，学生们必须解释他们对间隔年的计划)”可知，学生可以通过展示他们的间隔计划从佛罗里达州立大学获得间隔年资金。故选C。3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段“StudentstakingpartintheBridgeYearExperiencecantraveltolocationssuchasNewMexico,WisconsinandGuatemaladuringthefallterm,wheretheylearnaboutthelocalcultures,takecoursesandgetserviceopportunities.(参加桥梁年体验的学生可以在秋季学期前往新墨西哥州、威斯康星州和危地马拉等地，在那里他们了解当地文化，参加课程并获得服务机会)”可知，如果你对旅游感兴趣，你可以选择St.NorbertCollegeBridgeYearExperience。故选D。【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【解析】4.A　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容我们可以知道,作者现在已经退休,而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容,我们可以推测,作者是一名退休医生。根据第一段中的“I'vebeenavolunteerintheMacmillan@GlasgowLibrariesprogrammeforjustoverayear.”和第三段中的“havingtheservicesinthelibrary”可知,他不是在医院做志愿者,排除B项；根据第二段中的“We,togetherwithacounselor,hadachatabouthertohelpdealwithalltheemotions(情感)shefelt.”可知,作者只是志愿者,不是顾问,排除C项；D项无中生有,也可以排除。5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shewasveryupset,butshewasnotthepersonwithcancer.Itwasherpartner.”和“wediscussedwithherwhatcouldbedoneforherfamily”我们可以知道,这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。注意：此处的partner表示“配偶”。

106.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的首句“It'sgreatthatthepeoplewhovolunteerallworkwelltogether,helpingeachothertogetaresolution(解决方法)forpeoplewhocomein.”我们可以知道,所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作,彼此帮助,为来求助的人提供好的解决方案,由此推知,他们具有很强的团队意识,善于团队合作。7.C　写作意图题。综合全文的内容我们可以看出,本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。因此,作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历。【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中美文化的差异，以及这种差异在不同方面的表现。8.B推理判断题。根据第一段“Americanswearblackformourning(哀悼)whileChinesewearwhite.Westernersthinkofdragonsasmonsters.ChinesehonorthemassymbolsofGod.”（美国人穿黑色丧服，而中国人穿白色丧服。西方人认为龙是怪物。中国人把它们视为神的象征）可知作者举例是为了说明了中美文化的差异。故选B项。9.B词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“HisfindingsgofartowardexplainingwhyAmericanculturesseemsocontentiousandChineseculturessopassive”（他的发现在很大程度上解释了为什么美国文化看起来如此contentious，而中国文化显得如此顺从。）可知contentious与后面的passive相对立，故推测划线词的意思是“主动的/积极的/具有攻击性的”。故选B项。10.D.细节理解题。根据第三段“Chinesepeople,saidPeng,arefarmorecontenttothinkthatbothsideshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages,becausetheyhaveawholeawarenessthatlifeisfullofcontradictions.”（彭说，中国人更乐于认为双方都有优点和缺点，因为他们意识到生活中充满了矛盾。）可知在彭看来，与美国人相比，中国人很可能知道事物的优点和缺点。故选D项。11.A.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“ChinesecivilizationhasoftenshownsuchpolaritieswiththeWest,asthougheachstandsatextremeendsofaglobalstring.”（中国文明与西方经常表现出这样的两极分化，仿佛它们都站在全球链条的两端。）以及文章内容主要为介绍中美文化的差异，故A选项“中美文化差异”为短文最佳标题。故选A项。【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述学校早上上课时间太早会导致学生睡眠不足,从而导致一些问题。12.D。推理判断题。第二段中提到“Mostteensareactually...earlyclasses.(大部分青少年在去上早课时,大脑实际上是麻木的)”,所以作者提到“walkingzombies(行走的僵尸)”是想强调这些学生上早课时学习状态不好。故选D。13.B。细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Accordingtothe...clock.(据美国儿科学会所说,这些很早开始的课程破坏了被称作生物钟的学生的内部身体节奏)”可知,美国儿科学会认为早课影响学生的生物钟。故选B。14.C。推理判断题。最后一段主要讲述睡眠不足的青少年更有可能变得肥胖,遭受焦虑、沮丧等情绪问题,结合最后一句“It’stimetorecognizehowimportantsleepis,particularlytoteenagers.

11(是时候认识到睡眠是多么重要了,尤其是对青少年)”可推知,调整学校早上课程开始的时间很有必要。故选C。15.C。主旨大意题。通读全文,并结合文章第一句“Teensandtheirteachersknowwellthatearly-morningclassescanbetiring.(青少年和他们的老师都清楚地知道,一大早上课很累)”可知,文章主要讲述学校太早开始上课会让学生睡眠不足,大脑处于麻木的状态,并讲述了睡眠不足导致的问题,所以C项“学校很早开始上课可以让青少年变成行尸走肉”符合题意。故选C。第二节:（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.F20.D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕“无知”这一主题，阐述了“无知可能会令人沮丧，但问题并不在于无知本身，而是我们身陷其中却浑然不觉”这一道理。16.C上文“Ignorancecanbefrustrating,buttheproblemisnotignoranceitself.”指出“无知可能会令人沮丧，但问题并不在于无知本身”，结合下一段首句“AccordingtoDavidDunning,ignorantpeopledon'tknowhowignoranttheyare”（根据DavidDunning的说法，无知的人往往不知道他们有多么无知）可知，真正的问题应该指人们对无知的事实认识不足，C选项“问题在与我们认识不到自己是无知的”正好表达了这一含义。故选C项。17.B围绕“表现欠佳者自吹自擂，表现良好者又妄自菲薄”这一现象，前文“Thisisbecausethosewholackskillsalsolacktheknowledgeofwhatskillsthey'remissing.”指出“这是因为那些欠缺技能的人对自己究竟欠缺哪些能力认识不足”，正因为这样，B选项“所以他们自我感觉还挺不错”承接前文，其表述也是相符的。故选B项。18.G本段主题是“Ourignorance,ingeneral,shapesourlivesinwayswedonotknowabout.”（我们的无知，一般来说，以未知的方式塑造着我们的生活），前文“Putsimply,peopletendtodowhattheyknowandfailtodowhattheydon'tknow.”提到“简单地说，人们倾向于做他们知道的事，而不去做他们不知道的事。”，G选项“以这种方式，无知引导着我们的人生方向”贴合文段主题，承接上文。故选G项。19.F前句提到“Thisisafactoflife.”（这就是生活的真相），后文则以迪士尼乐园和奢侈品为例，表达了“thelessyouknowaboutthem,thelessyou'llmissthem”（我们了解得越少，欲望也就越少）这一思想，与F选项“我们无法选择那些不了解的东西”表达的含义相吻合。故选F项。20.D.由后文“Ifwedon'tknowaboutbirthcontrol,thenwewon'tuseit.”（如果我们不懂得节育，也就不会采取相关措施）来看，本段列举出的事例无疑都在表明无知会带来一些不好的结果，D选项“但无知也有代价”符合文意，点明了本段主题。故选D。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.D27.A28.B29.A30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.D

12【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。2020年全球教师奖颁给了印度乡村教师迪塞尔，他为乡村教育事业做出了巨大贡献。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是为了重新唤起全世界对教师的感激和重视。A.imagination想象；B.appreciation感激；C.delight高兴；D.discussion讨论。根据“andimportanceofteachers.”可知，设立全球教师奖的目的是唤起全世界对教师的感激和重视。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年的奖颁给了来自印度的小学教师迪塞尔。A.went去；B.appealed呼吁；C.turned变成；D.tended往往。goto被给予。根据“Disaleannouncedthatheintendedto_____halfoftheprizemoneywiththeothernineco-finalists.”可知，今年的全球教师奖奖项授予了迪塞尔。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦举行的颁奖典礼后不久，迪塞尔宣布他打算与其他9位决赛选手分享一半的奖金。A.calculation计算；B.visit参观；C.ceremony典礼；D.arrangement安排。根据“Thisyear'sPrize______toDisale,aprimaryschoolteacherfromIndia.”可知，迪塞尔在颁奖典礼后宣布分享他的奖金。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦举行的颁奖典礼后不久，迪塞尔宣布他打算与其他9位决赛选手分享一半的奖金。A.exchange交换；B.spend花费；C.share分享；D.save拯救。sharesth.withsb.和某人分享某物。根据“Hewantedthemto______andlightenthelivesofmorestudents.”可知，迪塞尔宣布分享自己奖金的一半。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他希望他们能够接触到更多的学生，让他们的生活变得轻松。A.standout突出；B.showup出现；C.comeup上升；D.reachout伸出。根据“andlightenthelivesofmorestudents.”可知，他希望其他9位决赛选手能够伸出手帮助更多的学生。故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：早在2007年，迪塞尔被他所选择的一所工程大学拒绝后，不得不不情愿地参加一个教师培训项目。A.particularly尤其；B.happily快乐地；C.unwisely愚笨地；D.unwillingly不情愿地。根据“afterbeingrefusedbyanengineeringuniversityofhischoice.”可知，迪塞尔是申请被拒绝之后，才不情愿地参加教师培训项目的。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他很快意识到教育工作者对年轻人的影响。A.young年轻的；B.fragile易碎的；C.lonely孤独的；D.common常见的。根据“Hewantedthemto______andlightenthelivesofmorestudents.”可知，学生大多数都是年轻人，所以是教育工作者对年轻人的影响。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，他接受了一个小村庄里的工作。A.title标题；B.position职位；C.reward报答；D.promotion提升。根据“Theschoolbuildingwasfarfrom

13satisfactory.”可知，迪塞尔接受了一个小村庄的学校的工作。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，村民们怀疑教育，尤其是女孩的教育。A.doubted怀疑；B.chose选择；C.assessed评估；D.balanced平衡。根据“especiallyforgirls.”和“Eventhecourseswerenotwritteninthenativelanguage,Kannada.”可知，当地人怀疑当时的教育。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪塞尔开始接受挑战，他首先自己学习埃纳德语，然后把所有的教科书翻译成当地语言。A.challenge挑战；B.fame名声；C.standard标准；D.danger危险。根据“byfirstlearningKannadahimselfandthentranslatingallthetextbooksintothenativelanguage.”可知，迪塞尔开始接受各种挑战。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还组织课外“寓教于乐”活动，激发学生的好奇心。A.memory记忆；B.curiosity好奇；C.tolerance容忍；D.sympathy同情。根据“Heevenorganizedafter-school"Edutainment"activities”可知，迪塞尔组织课外“寓教于乐”活动的目的是激发学生的好奇心。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的努力得到了回报，并且扩展到了他的小村庄之外。A.skills技巧；B.ambitions雄心；C.bets打赌；D.efforts努力。根据“andextended（延伸）beyondhistinyvillage.”可知，迪塞尔的努力得到了回报。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，他的小学校的女生出勤率达到了100%。A.required要求；B.forced强迫；C.achieved获得，达到；D.supported支持。根据“What'sworse,thevillagers______education,especiallyforgirls.”可知，与上文对照，现在的女生出勤率达到了100%。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的项目“让我们跨越边界”旨在在冲突地区的年轻人之间建立和平。A.courage勇气；B.peace和平；C.truth事实；D.mercy宽恕。根据“betweenyoungpeopleinconflictzones.”可知，迪塞尔的“让我们跨越边界”项目在于在冲突地区的年轻人之间建立和平。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鉴于他的献身精神，他获奖是很自然的。A.surprising令人惊讶的；B.legal合法的；C.interesting有趣的；D.natural自然的。根据“Givenhiscommitment,”可知，迪塞尔获奖是很自然的。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式【答案】36.Towelcome37.waving38.like39.the40.waspostponed41.which##that42.largely43.competitions44.silence45.mostdifferent【解析】

14【分析】本文是说明文。讲述由于新冠肺炎疫情在全球蔓延，东京举办了一场虚拟的、低调的夏季奥运会的情况。【36题详解】考查不定式。句意：为了迎接来自世界各地的运动员和球迷，约7.5万人在开幕式上发出了热烈的掌声。分析句子可知，welcome作目的状语，所以用不定式。故填Towelcome。【37题详解】考查现在分词。句意：在火炬传递过程中，运动员们蜿蜒穿过挥舞旗帜的粉丝群。分析句子可知，wave定语，修饰crowdsoffans，wave和funs之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语，故填waving。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：但今年，东京看上去和感觉上都不像那些奥运会，也不像以往任何一届奥运会。nothinglike表示“丝毫不像”，是固定短语，like是介词，后跟名词，故填like。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：东京地区没有观众。特指东京地区，所以用定冠词，故填the。【40题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情在全球蔓延，奥运会首次被推迟。分析句子可知，postpone是谓语动词，postpone和主语anOlympic之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词用单数，故填waspostponed。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情在全球蔓延，奥运会首次被推迟。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词thecoronaviruspandemic为物，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或者that，故填which/that。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：尽管2020年东京奥运会是在2021年夏季举办的，但它的品牌仍然是2020年东京奥运会，很大程度上是一场虚拟的、低调的活动。修饰动词，所以用副词,largely“主要；很大程度上”。故填largely。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：随着夏季东京新冠肺炎病例的卷土重来，以及全球范围内delta变种病毒的增多，奥运会官员在7月初决定，东京及其周边地区的比赛将不允许持票观众入场。作介词at的宾语，所以用名词competition，根据句意，此处表示“不止一场比赛”，所以用复数名词。故填competitions。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：马拉松选手和竞走选手在寂静中比赛，没有任何人群为他们欢呼。insilence“沉默地、无声地”是固定短语，介词后接名词，且silence为不可数名词。故填silence。【45题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：也许最不同的是，球迷们可以点击奥运虚拟观看平台上的“欢呼”按钮。根据句意可知，此处表示“最不一样的部分”,前面有the,所以用形容词最高级。故填mostdifferent.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

15第一节：应用文（满分15分）【参考范文】：DearEric,I'mwritingtoexpressmysinceregratitudetoyouforhelpingmecreateapersonalwebsitelastSaturday.Afterlearningaboutmydifficultyincreatingapersonalwebsite,youofferedguidancetome.Firstofall,youtaughtmethestepsofcreatingapersonalwebsiteindetail.ThenyoutoldmewhatIshouldpayattentionto.WheneverIhadaproblem,youexplainedittomecarefullyandpatiently.Finally,withyourhelp,Isucceededincreatingmyownwebsite.Manythanksagainforyourhelp.IhopethatI’lllearnmorerelevantknowledgefromyou.Yours，LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。参考范文：Para1:Severalweekslater,shereturned.Shehadboughtherselfacaneandwrappedherlegtightlywithbandages.Shetoldeveryoneshehadbeeninacarcrashandthatherlegwouldnevercompletelyhealagain.Herdancingdayswereover.Noonesuspectedthestory―shehadlearnedtolimpconvincinglybeforeshereturnedhome.Thenshetraveledtothehospital.Shesawmygrandpaseatedinhiswheelchairwithacaneonthegroundnearby.Para2:Shetookadeepbreath,leanedonhercaneandlimpedtoGrandpa.Shetoldhimshehadanaccidentandalegwasinjuredseriously.Sheshowedhimtwoengagementringsshehadboughtthedayafterheleftforthewar.“Iwasnotgoingtowastethemonanyotherman,”Grandmasaidtohim.ThenGrandpabenttotakehiscanefromthegroundbutGrandmawasnotgoingtohelp.Andsohemanageditonhisownandneversatinawheelchairagaininhislife.