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1、ChapternineLanguageandliterature9.1introductionThehistoryofstyleThedefinitionofstylisticsThefeaturesofstylisticsindifferentperiods:1960s1970s1980s1990sRemarksof申丹：plural-headsdevelopmentsDifferentschoolsofstylisticscompetefordevelopmentandnewschoolsemergenowa
2、ndthen.9.2somegeneralfeaturesoftheliterarylanguageFeaturesofliterarylanguagearedisplayedinthefollowingthreeaspects:1.phonology2.grammar3.semanticsLiteraylanguagediffersfromnon-literarylanguageinthattheformerisforegroundedintheabovethreeaspects.Theterm“foregro
3、unding”DefinitionDeviationoflanguageinvolvesalllevelsoflanguage:vocabulary,sound,syntax,meaning,graphology,etc.Repetitionisalsoakindofdeviation.Alliteration,parallism,andmanyfiguresofspeecharetheexamplesofforegroundinginliterarylanguage.9.2.1foregroundingandt
4、hegrammaticalformInliterarytexts,thegrammaticalsystemofthelanguageisoftenexploited,experimentedwith,orinMukarosky’swords,madeto“deviatefromother,moreeveryday,formsoflanguage,andasaresultcreatesinterestingnewpatternsinformandinmeaning”.9.2.2literallanguageandf
5、igurativelanguageThedefinitionsofthetwoIsnon-literarylanguagethesameasliterallanguage?Isliterarylanguagethesameasfigurativelanguage?Whatthedifferenceofthetwogroupsofideas?LiterarylanguageNon-literarylanguageLiterallanguageFigurativelanguageTropeItisanotherwor
6、dforthefigurativeuseoflanguage,whichreferstolanguageusedinafigurativewayforarhetoricalpurpose.SomeformsoftropeSimileMetaphorMetonymySynecdocheWhypeopleuselanguageinafigurativeway?Thefigurativeuseoflanguagehastheeffectofmakingtheconceptsunderdiscussionmoredome
7、sticandacceptable.Readerscan……9.2.3theanalysisofliteraylanguageProceduresweshouldfollowwhenweanalyzethegrammaticalstructureandmeaningofaliterarytext.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.ThefunctionofthefigurativeuseoflanguageItmightbetomaketheabstractseemconcrete;tomakethemysteri
8、ousorfrighteningseemsafe,ordinaryanddomestic,ortomaketheeverydayusageseemwonderfulandunusual.9.3thelanguageinpoetry9.3.1soundpatterningRhymeissalientfeatureofpoetry.Endrhymeoccursattheend
