语言学课件 Chapter 6 language and Cognition

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1、ChapterSixLanguageandCognition1.WhatisCognition?什么是认知？Mentalprocessesofanindividual,informationprocessingMentalprocessorfacultyofknowing,includingawareness,perception,reasoning,andjudgment.2Threeapproachestothestudyoflanguageandcognition:Theformalapproach:addressesthestructuralpatterns,i

2、ncludingthestudyofmorphological,syntactic,andlexicalstructure.Thepsychologicalapproach:looksatlanguagefromtheperspectiveofgeneralcognitivesystemsrangingfromperception,memory,attentiontoreasoning.PSYCHOLOGICALLINGUISTICS心理语言学Theconceptualapproach:addresseshowlanguagestructures(processes&pa

3、tterns)conceptualcontent.COGNITIVELINGUISTICS认知语言学32.PsycholinguisticsPsychologicalaspectsoflanguagePsychologicalstatesandmentalactivitywiththeuseoflanguageLanguageacquisition,languageproduction&comprehensionTherelationshipbetweenlanguageandthought4StructurallinguisticsCognitivepsychology

4、AnthropologyNeurosciencesRelatedfields5Languageacquisition(L1/L2)LanguagecomprehensionLanguageproductionLanguagedisordersLanguageandThoughtNeurocognitionSixsubjectsofresearch62.1LanguageAcquisitionLanguageacquisition:oneofthecentraltopicsinpsycholinguisticsAllnormalhumansspeak,nononhumana

5、nimaldoes.Children’sacquisitionoflanguagehasreceivedmuchattention.Scholarskeptdiariesofchildren’sspeechfortheirresearchdata.7Holophrasticstage(fromtwomonthstoayear)Language’ssoundpatternsPhoneticdistinctionsinparents’language.One-wordstage:objects,actions,motions,routines.8Two-wordstage:a

6、round18monthsChildutteranceMaturespeakerPurposeWantcookieIwantacookieRequestMoremilkIwantsomemoremilkRequestJoeseeI(Joe)seeyouInformingMycupThisismycupWarningMommychairThischairbelongstoMWarningBigboyIamabigboyBraggingRedcarThatcarisredNamingThatcarThatisacarNaming9ChildutteranceMaturespe

7、akerPurposeNosleepIdon’twanttogotosleepRefusalNottiredIamnottiredRefusalWheredoll?Whereisthedoll?QuestionTrucktableThetruckisonthetableInformingDaddyrunDaddyisrunningInformingJoepushI(Joe)pushed(thecat)InformingPushcatIpushedthecarInformingGivecandyGivemethecandyReq