《语言学导论》第05章练习及答案).doc

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1、Semantics 　　I.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse.　　1.DialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialectssuchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefoundwithinthevarietyitself，forexample，withinBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish.　　　2.Sensei

2、sconcernedwiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience，whilethereferencedealswiththeinherentmeaningofthelinguisticform.　　　3.Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituations.　　4.Insemantics，meaningof

3、languageisconsideredastheintrinsicandinherentrelationtothephysicalworldofexperience.　　　5.Contextualismisbasedonthepresumptionthatonecanderivemeaningfromorreducemeaningtoobservablecontexts.　　　6.Behavioristsattemptedtodefinethemeaningofalanguageformasthesituationinwhicht

4、hespeakeruttersitandtheresponseitcallsforthinthehearer.　　　7.Themeaningofasentenceisthesumtotalofthemeaningsofallitscomponents.　　　8.Mostlanguageshavesetsoflexicalitemssimilarinmeaningbutrankeddifferentlyaccordingtotheirdegreeofformality.　　　9.“itishot.”isano-placepredica

5、tionbecauseitcontainsnoargument.　　　10.Ingrammaticalanalysis，thesentenceistakentobethebasicunit，butinsemanticanalysisofasentence，thebasicunitispredication，whichistheabstractionofthemeaningofasentence.　　　II.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithonewordwhichbeginswiththelette

6、rgiven.　　11.S________canbedefinedasthestudyofmeaning.　　12.Theconceptualistviewholdsthatthereisnod______linkbetweenalinguisticformandwhatitrefersto.　　13.R______meanswhatalinguisticformreferstointhereal，physicalworld；itdealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementa

7、ndthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.　　14.Wordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalleds________.　　15.Whentwowordsareidenticalinsound，butdifferentinspellingandmeaning，theyarecalledh__________.　　16.R_________oppositesarepairsofwordsthatexhibitthereversalofarelationshipbetweenthet

8、woitems.　　17.C____analysisisbaseduponthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedividedintomeaningcomponents.　　18.Whetherasen