期末试题B(答案)(语言学导论).doc

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1、系领导审批并签名B卷广州大学2008-2009学年第一学期考试卷(答案)课程语言学导论考试形式（闭卷，考试）I.Decidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions(1×20=20%)1.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.D7.C8.D9.B10.C11.D12.B13.D14.A15.B16.B17.B18.D19.A20.AII.Fillintheblanks(1×20=20%)1.interaction2.abstract3.

2、particular4.obstruction5.similar6.rules7.social8.meaning9.falsehood10.words11.sentence12.semantic13.reference14.experience15.structure16.comprehension17.referent18.cohere19.structural20.speech5III.Givedefinitionstothefollowingterms(2×5=10%)1.morpheme—am

3、inimalunitofmeaningorgrammaticalfunction2.categories—theproductsofcategorization3.phonology—thestudyordescriptionofthedistinctivesoundunitsofalanguageandtheirrelationship4.syntax—thestudyofsentencestructure5.pragmatics—abranchoflinguisticsthatstudieslan

4、guageinuseIV.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish(1×10=10%)1.中缀:infix2.辅音:consonant3.言语行为:speechact4.蕴涵:entailment5.二重性:duality6.语境:context7.范畴:category8.连贯:coherence9.施事:agent10.音节:syllableV.Oneofthemainfeaturesofhumanlanguagesisarbitrariness.Canyoubr

5、ieflyexplainwhatthisfeaturerefersto?Supportyourargumentwithexamples(10%)Byarbitrariness,wemeanthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningsandsounds.Adogmightbeapigifonlythefirstpersonorgroupofpersonshaduseditforapig.Languageisthereforelargelyarbitrary.Butl

6、anguageisnotabsolutelyarbitrary,becausetherearecaseswherethereareoratleastseemtobesomesound-meaningassociation,ifwethinkofechowordslikebang,crash,roar,whicharemotivatedinacertainsense.Secondly,somecompoundsarenotentirelyarbitraryeither.Typeandwriteareop

7、aqueorunmotivatedwords,whiletype-writerislessso,ormoretransparentormotivatedthanthewordsthatmakeit.Sowesayarbitrarinessisamatterofdegree.5VI.Morethanoneprocesswasinvolvedinthecreationofeachoftheindicatedformsbelow.Canyouidentifythem?(2×5=10%)1.clippingf

8、rom"telephone"to"phone",thencompounding2.compoundingof"foot"and"ball",thenderivationwith"-er"3.compoundingof"blue"and"print",thenconversiontoaverbandinflectionwith“-ed”4.blendingof"sky"and"hijack",thenderivationwith"-ing"5.conver