商务英语综合教程课件杜凤秋 ISBN9787810788113 PPT international economychap.10 income statement.ppt

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1、IncomeStatementWhereasabalancesheetreflectstheconditionofacompanyonaparticularday,anincomestatementshowstheresultsofoperationsoverthewholefiscalperiod(usuallyayear)betweenthebeginningandendingbalancesheetdates.Theincomestatementfitstogetherwiththebalancesheettoformac

2、oherenthistoryofthebusinessenterprise.Whatisincomestatement?Theincomestatementmatchesamountsreceivedfromgoodsorservicesandotheritemsofincomeagainstallthecostsandoutlaysincurredinordertooperatethecompanyandgenerateincomeduringtheperiod.Theincomestatementcanbesummarize

3、dasanequation:Incomeforperiod-relatedexpensesforperiod=Profit(orloss)forperiod.UsefulnessandlimitationsofincomestatementIncomestatementshouldhelpinvestorsandcreditors:evaluatethepastperformanceoftheenterprisepredictfutureperformanceassesstheriskofachievingfuturecashf

4、lows.However,informationinanincomestatementhasseverallimitations:itemsthatmightberelevantbutcannotbereliablymeasuredarenotreported(e.g.brandrecognitionandloyalty)somenumbersdependonaccountingmethodsused(e.g.tomeasureinventorylevel)somenumbersdependonjudgmentsandestim

5、ates(e.g.depreciationexpensedependsonestimatedusefullifeandsalvagevalue).Theformatoftheincomestatementortheprofitandlossstatementwillvaryaccordingtothecomplexityofthebusinessactivities.However,mostcompanieswillhavethefollowingelementsintheirincomestatements:A. Reve

6、nuesandGains      1. Revenuesfromprimaryactivities2. Revenuesorincomefromsecondaryactivities3. Gains(e.g.,gainonthesaleoflong-termassets,gainonlawsuits)B. ExpensesandLosses      1. Expensesinvolvedinprimaryactivities      2. Expensesfromsecondaryactivities     

7、 3. Losses(e.g.,lossonthesaleoflong-termassets,lossonlawsuits)1.Revenuesfromprimaryactivitiesareoftenreferredtoasoperatingrevenues.Theprimaryactivitiesofaretailerarepurchasingmerchandiseandsellingthemerchandise.Theprimaryactivitiesofamanufacturerareproducingtheproduc

8、tsandsellingthem.Forretailers,manufacturers,wholesalers,anddistributerstherevenuesgeneratingfromtheirprimaryactivitiesarereferredto