商务英语综合教程课件杜凤秋 ISBN9787810788113 PPT international tradechap.21 international trade.ppt

《商务英语综合教程课件杜凤秋 ISBN9787810788113 PPT international tradechap.21 international trade.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、InternationalTrade1.Definitionofinternationaltrade2.Benefitsofinternationaltrade3.HistoryofinternationaltradeDefinitionofInternationalTradeInternationaltradeistheexchangeofgoodsandservicesbetweennations.BenefitsofInternationalTradeInternationaltradeenablesanationtospecia

2、lizeinthosegoodsitcanproducemostcheaplyandefficiently.Tradealsoenablesacountrytoconsumemorethanitwouldbeabletoproduceifitdependedonlyonitsownresources.BenefitsofInternationalTradeInternationaltradeleadstomoreefficientandincreasedworldproduction.Theestablishmentofinternationa

3、ltradeexpandsthenumberofinwhichacountrycansellitsgoods.BenefitsofInternationalTradeTheincreasedinternationaldemandforgoodstranslatesintogreaterproductionandmoreextensiveuseofrawmaterialsandlabor,whichinturnleadstogrowthindomesticemployment.Competitionfrominternationaltradeca

4、nalsoforcedomesticfirmstobecomemoreefficientthroughmodernizationandinnovation.HistoryofInternationalTradeThisformofinternationaltrade,calledmercantilism,wascommonplaceinthe16thand17thcenturies.AsempiresandcolonieswereestablishedbyEuropeancountries,tradebecameanarmofgovernmen

5、talpolicy.Thewealthofacountrywasmeasuredintermsofthegoodsitpossessed,particularlygoldandpreciousmetals.Theobjectiveofanempirewasmuchwealthaspossibleinreturnforaslittleexpenseaspossible.HistoryofInternationalTradeInternationaltradebegantoassumeitspresentformwiththeestablishme

6、ntofnation-statesinthe17thand18thcenturies.Headsofstatediscoveredthatbypromotingforeigntradetheycouldmutuallyincreasethewealth,andthusthepower,oftheirnations.Duringthisperiodnewtheoriesofeconomics,inparticularofinternationaltrade,alsoemerged.HistoryofInternationalTradeIn1776

7、theScottisheconomistAdamSmith,intheWealthofNations,proposedthatspecializationinproductionleadstoincreasedoutput.AccordingtoSmith’stheory,acountrythattradesinternationallyshouldspecializeinproducingonlythosegoodsinwhichithasanabsoluteadvantage—thatis,thosegoodsitcanproducemor

8、echeaplythancanitstradingpartners.Smith’sisthefoundationofclassicalschoolof