Translation of Sentences

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1、TranslationofSentencesContents:1.AcomparisonofEnglishandChineseSentences2.Negation(否定）andaffirmation（肯定）inTranslation3.RestructuringinTranslation4.Thepassiveandactivevoiceintranslation5.Translationofattributiveclauses（定语从句）6.Translationofadverbialclauses（状语从句）7.Therenderingoflongsentences

2、一、AComparisonStudyofEnglishandChineseSentences1.1.Hypotacticvs.Paratactic(形合与意合）lAsE.A.Nidapointsoutinhis"TranslatingMeaning",...SofarasEnglishandChineseareconcerned,themostimportantdifferencelinguisticallyisthecontrastbetweenhypotaxisandparataxis.lHypotaxis:Thedependentorsubordinateconst

3、ructionorrelationshipofclausesarrangedwithconnectives;lParataxis:Thearrangingofclausesoneaftertheotherwithoutconnectivesshowingtherelationbetweenthem.Examples:1.Thatisourpolicyandthatisourdeclaration.--W.Churchill这就是我们的国策，这就是我们的宣言。2.First,wemakeclearwhatisdoingthetravelling----acar,abus,a

4、planeorwhateveritmaybe.首先，我们要搞清旅行工具，例如小汽车、公共汽车、飞机或别的可用工具。3.发展体育运动，增强人民体质。Promotephysicalcultureandbuilduppeople'shealth.4.东海缺少白玉床，龙王请来金陵王。IftheDragonKingwantsawhitejadebed,heappliestotheWangsofJinling,it'ssaid.1.2.Complexvs.Simplex(简约与繁复）lTheEnglishcomplexsentencesareoftenlikechainswithcl

5、auseslinkingclauses.Ontheotherhand,theChinesesentencesorclausestendtobeshortandsimpleinstructure.Theyareflowingandsimplex,withoneclausefollowingtheotherratherinaline.lIllustrativeexamples:1.Themoonissofarfromtheearththatevenifhugetreesweregrowingonthemountainsandelephantswerewalkingabout,

6、wecouldnotseethemthroughthemostpowerfultelescopeswhichhaveyetbeeninvented.月球离地球非常遥远，即使那边山上长着大树，有大象在移动，我们用当今发明的最高倍率的望远镜，也不能看见它们。2.Aswelivedneartheraod,weoftenhadthetravelerorstrangervisitustotasteourgooseberrywine,forwhichwehadgreatreputation,andIconfess,withtheveracityofanhistorian,thatIn

7、everknewoneofthemtofindfaultwithit.我们就住在路边，过路人或外乡人常到我们这里，尝尝我们家酿的醋栗酒。这种酒很有名气。我敢说，尝过的人，从没有挑剔过。我这话像历史学家的话一样靠得住。3.文章做到极处，无有他奇，只有恰好；人品做到极处，无有他异，只有本然。--洪应明：菜根潭Whenapieceofwritingreachestheacmeofperfectionitisnotbecauseitcontainssomemiraculousingredient,butbecauseitiswritt