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1、Amplificationvs.Omission增词和减词Amplificationvs.OmissionⅠ.AmplificationinEnglish-ChinesetranslationAmplificationmeanstoaddnecessarywords,phrases,clausesorsentencestothetranslatedtextinpurposeofmakingitconsistentwiththetargetlanguageinmeaning,grammarandcultureconnotation（内涵）.Amplificationdoes
2、notaddnewinformationtothemessageandonlyhelpunderstandthetext.InthispartwewillanalyzehowtouseamplificationtoachieveequivalenceinEnglish-Chinesetranslationinthesethreelevels：syntactic（句法）,semantic（语义）,andrhetorical（修辞）.1.SyntacticamplificationTomakesyntacticamplification,twocasesarequiteoft
3、eninvolved,fillingoutelliptical（省略的）expressionsandaddingmoreexplicit（明确的）indicationofrelations.InEnglishtherearemoreellipticalsentencesbytheomissionofthesubject,predicate,object,attribute,adverbialmodifierandthelike.Thepurposeistomakethesentencesuccinct（简洁的）andstressthemainpoints.ButinChi
4、nesepeoplemayprefertouseexplicitwordtoexpressimplicitmeaning.Sosomeredundant（多余的）informationshouldbeaddedincertaincontextinEnglish-Chinesetranslation.1).AdditionofnounafterthepossessivecaseHertonewasmorefriendlythanDavid’s(tone).她的语气要比大卫的语气友好。2).AdditionofnounafteradjectiveShesanghersweet
5、est(song).她唱了最动听的歌曲。3).AdditionofnounafterprepositionShallIwritemynameon,aboveorbelowtheline?我把名字写在线上，还是线的上方或下方呢？4).Additionofthemainverbafterauxiliary（助词）Theywouldstopiftheycould(stop).如果他们能停的话他们会停下来的。5).AdditionofverbafterinfinitiveAtlastheagreedtodoWhatIaskedhimto(do).最后他们同意去做我要他做的事。6)
6、.Additionofpredictiveaftercopula（连系动词）Iwasscaredasthechildrenwere(scared)too.我惊呆了,孩子们也给吓住了。7).AdditionofsubjectandthemainverbBybirthhewasanEnglishman;byprofession,asailor;byinstinctandtraining,arebel.就出生说，他是英国人；就职业说，他是海员；就本性和教育说，他是背叛者。2.SemanticamplificationSomeborrowedtermsaresosemantica
7、llycondensed浓缩inthesourcelanguagethattheyarerequiredtoexpandinthereceptorlanguage.Forinstance,Jeep吉普车pizza比萨饼sauna桑那浴neon霓虹灯SomewordshavecompletemeaningsinEnglishsentences,suchasintransitiveverbs（不及物动词）,certainadjectives,abstractnouns.However,whentranslatedintoChine
