语言学教案Chapter 10 Language and Computer

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1、Chapter10LanguageandComputer10.1WhatisComputationalLinguistics?10.2Computer-assistedLanguageLearning(CALL)10.2.1DefinitionandActivities10.2.2PhrasesofCALLDevelopment10.2.3Technology10.3MachineTranslation(MT)10.3.1HistoryofDevelopment10.3.2ResearchMethods10.3

2、.3EvaluationofMTandTranslationTools10.3.4MTandtheInternet10.3.5SpokenLanguageTranslation10.3.6MTandHumanTranslation10.4CorpusLinguistics10.4.1Definition10.4.2CriticismsandtheRevivalofCorpusLinguistics10.4.3Concordance10.4.4TextCodingandAnnotation10.4.5TheRol

3、esofCorpusData10.5InformationRetrieval(IR)10.5.1ScopeDefined10.5.2AnInformationRetrievalSystem10.5.3ThreeMainAreasofresearch10.6EmailandNews10.1WhatisComputationalLinguistics?Computationallinguisticsisthescientificstudyoflanguagefromacomputationalperspective

4、.Itisadisciplinebetweenlinguisticsandcomputerscience.10.2Computer-assistedLanguageLearning(CALL)10.2.1DefinitionandActivities1.DefinitionCALL(Computer-assistedLanguageLearning)referstotheuseofacomputerinalanguageteachingandlearningprogram.2.ActivitiesCALLism

5、oreoftenpracticedintheteachingorlearningofasecondorforeignlanguage.AccordingtoRichards,etal.(1998),itmaytaketheformof:1)activitieswhichparallellearningthroughothermediabutwhichusethefacilitiesofthecomputer(e.g.usingthecomputertopresentareadingtext);2)activit

6、ieswhichareextensionsoradaptationsofprint-basedorclassroom-basedactivities(e.g.computerprogramsthatteachwritingskillsbyhelpingthestudentdevelopatopicandthesisstatementandbycheckingacompositionforvocabulary,grammar,andtopicdevelopment);3)activitieswhichareuni

7、quetoCALL.10.2.2PhrasesofCALLDevelopmentTherearemainly4phrasesinthecourseofCALLdevelopment.1.PhraseⅠ(BehavioristicCALL)TheBehavioristicCALLwasconceivedinthe1950sandimplementedinthe1960sand1970s.Programsduringthisperiodcanbereferredtoas“drillandpractice”.Ther

8、ationalebehindthiscomputerastutormodelcouldbebrieflyputasfollows:---Repeatedexposuretothesamematerialisbeneficialorevenessentiallearning.---Acomputerisidealforcarryingoutrepeateddrills.---Acompu