自考英语语言学Chapter_10_Language_Acquisition.doc

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1、Chapter10LanguageAcquisition语言习得一、本章纲要Chapter10LanguageAcquisition1.Firstlanguageacquisition2.Stagesoffirstlanguageacquisition2.1Theprelinguisticstage3.Thedevelopmentofthegrammaticalsystem4.Secondlanguageacquisition3.1Thedevelopmentofphonology4.1Acquisitionvs.learning4.7Indiv

2、iduallearnerfactors2.4Themultiwordstage2.3Thetwo-wordstage2.2Theone-wordstage1.1Thebiologicalbasisoflanguageacquisition1.2Languageacquisitionastheacquisitionofgrammaticalrules1.3Theroleofinputandinteraction1.4Theroleofinstruction1.5Theroleofcorrectionandreinforcement1.6Therol

3、eofimitation3.4Thedevelopmentofvocabularyandsemantics3.3Thedevelopmentofmorphology3.2Thedevelopmentofsyntax4.6Theroleofformalinstruction4.5Theroleofinput4.4Interlanguageandfossilization4.3ErrorAnalysisandthenaturalrouteofSLAdevelopment4.2Transferandinterference4.7.1Theoptimum

4、ageforsecondlanguageacquisition4.7.2Motivation4.7.3Acculturation4.7.4Personality二、本章重点Languageacquisitionisconcernedwithlanguagedevelopmentinhumans.Ingeneral,languageacquisitionreferstochildren’sdevelopmentoftheirfirstlanguage,thatis,thenativelanguageofthecommunityinwhichachi

5、ldhasbeenbroughtup.Thedevelopmentofafirstornativelanguage(L1)iscalledfirstlanguageacquisition(FLA),andthensecondlanguageacquisition(SLA).L1andL2developmentdonotseemtoinvolveidenticalprocesses.语言习得关注的是人类语言能力发展。语言习得一般指儿童母语的发展。有些孩子除了习得母语外，还要继续习得第二语言或外国语。习得母语或第一语言称为第一语言习得，除了母语再习得

6、另一门语言或外语称为第二语言习得。Thestudyoflanguageacquisitionenableslinguists,psychologistsandappliedlinguiststobetterunderstandthenatureofhumanlanguageanddevelopmentalprocessesoflanguageacquisition.1.Firstlanguageacquisition第一语言习得Whatevertheirculture,allnormalhumanbeingsacquiretheirnativel

7、anguageatagiventimeoflifeandinanappropriatelinguisticenvironmentthatprovidessufficientlanguageexposure.(2004,2007,判断)Itisanestablishedunderstandingamonglinguiststhatthecapacitytoacquireone’sfirstlanguageisafundamentalhumantraitthatallhumanbeingsareequallywellpossessedwith.Noo

8、neismoresuccessfulthanothersinacquiringafirstlanguage.Childrenfollow