超声波辅助提取葡萄籽中原花青素

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1、摘要本论文研究了常温下以超声波为辅助手段从脱脂葡萄籽中提取原花青素的方法。提取出的原花青素分别在280nrn和550IlIn处用紫外和可见分光光度法定量。结果表明，超声波的空化作用有助于增强溶剂对植物组织的渗透及对细胞壁的破坏，促进有效成分的释放，缩短提取时间，在较低的温度下将原花青素从葡萄籽中提取出来。对产品液相色谱及红外光谱的初步分析表明，在论文实验条件下超声波对原花青素结构和组成无明显影响。研究了在室温条件下影响原花青素提取率的因素。对含水率为14．1％的葡萄籽，以丙酮一水混合溶剂作提取剂时，丙酮浓度为70％提取效

2、果最好；以乙醇一水混合溶剂作提取，剂时，乙醇浓度为60％提取效果最好。f两种溶剂对原花青素提取效果的比较表明，70％丙酮溶液对原花青素的选择性高于60％乙醇溶液。产品的纯度依次为丙酮超声法，丙酮震荡法>乙醇超声法>乙醇震荡法。对于丙酮提取，超声法产品纯度为43．32％，震荡法产品纯度为38．04％；对于乙醇提取，超声法产品纯度为35．16％，震荡法产品纯度为31．65％。超声法提高了原花青素的提取率和纯度。／-1关键词：超声提取；葡萄籽；原花青素；提取率AbstractTheextractionofproanthocya

3、nidinsfromdefattedgrapeseedswasstudiedusingultrasoundastheassistedmethodatroomtemperatureThecontentsofproanthocyanidinswereevaluatedbyspectmphotometricdeterminationat280nnl，550rim，respectivelyItwasfoundthatsonicationcanenhancebothsolventpenetrationintoplantmateri

4、alsandthesolubleconstituents’releasebydisruptingcellwalls．Henceextractiontimewasreducedandtheprocesscanbeaccomplishedatarelativelylowertemperature．Bycomparingtheresultsfromdieproducts’hi#performanceliquidchromatographyandInfraredspectrawiththecontrolstandard's，it

5、wasfoundthatultrasoundhadnovisibleinfluenceonproanthocyanidins’structuresandcompositionundertheconditionsoftheexperiment．Thefactorsrelatedtotheextractionofpmanthocyanidinsatroomtemperaturewerediscussed．Duringtheextractionofgrapeseedswithmoisturecontentof14．1％．two

6、extractionsystemswereinvestigatedandtheoptimumsolventconsenffationswere70％(v／v)foracetone-watermixtureand60％(v／v)forethanol-watermixture．Theextractionsystems’selectivitiesonpmanthocyadidinswerecomparedandtheacetone-water(70：30)mixturehasahigherabilityovertheethan

7、ol-water(60：40)mixture．Thepurityoffourcrudeproductswasrepresentedbytheextractionways∞follows：(acetone-watersystem+ultrasound)>(acetone—watersystem)>(ethanol-watersystem+ultrasound)>(ethanol—watersystem)andthepuritieswere43．32％，38．04％，35．16％，31，65％respectively．Ult

8、rasonicallyassistedextractionofpmanthocyanidinswasprovedabetterwaytoimprovetheyieldandpurityofproanthocyanidins．Keywords：ultrasonicextraction；grapeseeds；proant