translation methods and techniques

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1、Lecture7Translationmethodsandtechniquesofwords7.1methods----1LiteraltranslationPermittedbytheSLthismethodisusedtokeeptheoriginalcontentaswellastheform,esp.themetaphors,images,nationalcharacteristics,etc.withoutchangingtheSLmeaningorstyle.Examples竭泽而渔Todrainapondtocatchallthefish(cf.kill

2、thegoosethatlaythegoldeneggs)打草惊蛇Tostirthegrassandalertthesnake(cf.wakeasleepingdog)中华全国总工会All-ChinaFederationofTradeUnions《中国教育改革和发展纲要》TheOutlineforReformandDevelopmentofEducationinChina《妇女权益保护法》LawontheProtectionoftheRightsandInterestsofWomen2FreetranslationItisastrategywherethetransl

3、atorgivesprecedencetothecontenttreatedinthesourcetext,independentofitsform.AnditisadoptedonlywhenandwhereitisreallyimpossiblefortranslatorstodoliteraltranslationExamples粗枝大叶tobecrudeandcareless(*withbigbranchesandlargeleaves)在农村，特别是在比较偏僻落后的农村，还残存着少数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。InChina’smoreremoteandbackwa

4、rdruralareas,corruptpracticesexistintheformofforcedmarriage.Examples计划生育familyplanning全面建设小康社会buildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects花园里是人间的乐园，有的是吃不完的大米白面，穿不完的绫罗绸缎，花不完的金银财宝。Thegardenwasaparadiseonearth,withmorefoodandclothesthancouldbeconsumedandmoremoneythancouldbespent.3Tran

5、sliteration音译，是根据读音用一种文字符号来表达另一种文字符号的翻译方法。当原语和译入语之间差异很大、存在语义空白的情况下，翻译不可能直接从形式或语义入手，就采取音译手段。音译对象主要是人名、地名和新产生的术语。Examples北京Beijing《针眼儿胡同的片警》(nameofaTVseries)PoliceOfficersinZhenyan’erHutong饺子jiaozi混沌huntun4Explanatorytranslation翻译时以解释、阐述的方式说明。Examples铁饭碗ironricebow,China’ssystemoflifetime

6、jobandincomesecurity“那哪能知道？他们一东一西，都是看透《三国志》的人。要我说，那一耳刮子，也是周瑜打黄盖，一个愿打，一个愿挨的”。“Hardtosay.Thetwoofthemarehandinglove,andthey’vereadtheRomanceoftheThreeKingdom.IshouldsaythatboxontheearwasdisguisedlygivenbyaChouYuandgladlytakenbyaHuangKai.他这分明是班门弄斧。Heisjust“showingoffhisproficiencywiththeax

7、ebeforeLuBanthemastercarpenter.7.2Techniques----1OmissionofwordsunnecessarytothemeaningOmitthewordsbutnotthemeaning.OmitcategorywordsOmitrepetitivewordsOmitbigwordswithoutpracticalmeaningOmitculturally-loadedwords7.2.1.1Omitcategorywords准备工作preparation,落后状态backwardness当前中国农业生产的