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1、Compoundingisaprocessofwordformationbywhichtwoindependentwordsareputtogethertomakeoneword.ThewordformedinthiswayiscalledcompoundBlendingisaprocessofwordformationbywhichawordiscreatedbycombiningpartsofotherwords.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalledblends.Frommorphologicalviewp
2、oints,therearefourtypesofblending:Acronymyistheprocessofformingnewwordsbyjoiningtheinitiallettersofnamesofsocialandpoliticalorganizationsorspecialnounphrasesandtechnicalterms.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalledinitialismsoracronyms,dependingonthepronunciationofthewords.Initi
3、alismsarewordsformedbytheinitiallettersofwordsandpronouncedaslettersEEC:EuropeanEconomicCommunityAcronymsarewordsformedbytheinitiallettersofwordsandpronouncedaswords:OPEC:OrganisationofPetroleumExportCountriesAccordingtoLeonardBloomfield’spointofview,awordisaminimumfre
4、eform,thatistosay,thesmallestformthatmayappearinisolation.Therearetwotypesoflinguisticforms:oneistheboundform,theotheristhefreeform.Aboundformisonewhichcannotoccuronitsownasaseparateword,e.g.thevariousaffixes:de-,-tion,-ize,etc.Afreeformisonewhichcanoccurasaseparatewor
5、d.Forexample,thewordlovelycontainsthefreeformloveandthesuffix–ly.Thesuffix–lyinthewordlovely,ofcourse,isnotafreeform,becauseitcannotstandbyitself.Sowecallitaboundform.AwordisaminimumfreeformThemorphemecanbeconsideredasthesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwords.1
6、)Morphemesarecommonlyclassifiedintotwoformsaccordingtotheircharacter:oneisfreeform,andtheotherisboundform.2)Freemorphemes自由词素aremorphemeswhichcanoccurasseparatewords.Thatistosay,afreemorphemecanstandaloneasaword.3)Boundmorphemes粘着词素aremorphemeswhichcannotstandaloneaswo
7、rds.Theyaremainlyaffixes.Thatistosay,aboundmorphemeisonethatmustappearwithatleastoneothermorpheme,boundorfreeinaword.4)2)Morphemesmaybeclassifiedintotwocategoriesaccordingtotheirlexicalandgrammaticalrelationships:5)lexicalmorphemesandgrammaticalmorphemesLexicalmorpheme
8、saremorphemesusedfortheconstructionofnewwordsasincompoundwordsGrammaticalmorphemesaremorphemesusedtoexpressgrammatica
