英语教学法之直接法ppt课件.ppt

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1、2.TheDirectMethod2.1Introduction2.1.1Definition:Thedirectmethod,sometimesalsocallednaturalmethod/PsychologicalMethod/OralMethod/ReformedMethod,isamethodforteachingforeignlanguagesthatrefrainsfromusingthelearners'nativelanguageandjustusesthetargetlanguage.ItwasestablishedinGermanyandFrancearound1900

2、.Inanotherword,itisateachingmethodforteachingmodernforeignlanguageswithouttranslationandformalgrammarbyconversing,taklingandreadinginthetargetlanguageinsteadofnativelanguage.2.TheDirectMethod2.1Introduction2.1.2BackgroundLate19th-early20thcentury,practicalneedsandinterestsformodernlanguagescallsfor

3、reform:GTwasfoundtobeinadequateforteachinglivinglanguages,soDMwasdevelopedwhichemphasizedtheprimacyofspeech.thefoundingofIPAin1886,2.1.3TheoreticalFoundation:Pragmatism&DescriptivismNaturalapproachSupportedTheories1970s-1980s,Krashen&TerrellFocusSpokenlanguageOralcommunicationskillUseofobjectsandac

4、tionsinteachingNaturalprinciplesoffirstlanguageacquisitionContent,notform--Meaningfulcommunication5HypothesisAcquisition-LearningHypothesisMonitorHypothesisNaturalOrderHypothesisInputHypothesis:i+1AffectiveFilterHypothesisThefamouspersonduringthisperiodGouin,theFrenchteacherwhotaughtLatinEstablishe

5、dtheseriesmethodwhichwastheoriginalformofthedirectmethod.Published“Artd’enseigneretd’etudierleslangues”Vietor,theGermanyteacherEstablishedthephoneticmethodorreformmethodSuggestedthebeginningoflearningFLwasthepronunciationandthespokenlanguage.2.2Majorfeaturesofthedirectmethod2.2.1Teachingvocabularyt

6、hroughpantomiming,realiaandothervisuals2.2.2Teachinggrammarbyusinganinductiveapproach(i.e.havinglearnersfindoutrulesthroughthepresentationofadequatelinguisticformsinthetargetlanguage)2.2.3Centralityofspokenlanguage(includinganative-likepronunciation)2.2.4Focusonquestion-answerpatterns2.2..5Teacher-

7、centeredness2.3PrincipalPrinciplesofTheDirectMethod2.3.1Classroominstructionsareconductedexclusivelyinthetargetlanguage.2.3.2Onlyeverydayvocabularyandsentencesaretaught.2.3.3Oralcommunicationskillsarebuiltu