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1、《欧洲文化入门》复习题（一）DivisionOne:GreekCultureandRomanCultureGreekCultureI.填空1.Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.2.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thce
2、ntury.3.Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.4.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.5.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.6.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld’sforemostamateursportsco
3、mpetition.7.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics.8.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.9.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,islandofIthaca.10.Oft
4、hemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:SapphoandPindar.11.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.12.Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes.13.Thethreegreattragicdramatist
5、sofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.14.AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBound,PersiansandAgamemnon.15.SophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing,Electra,andAntigone.16.EuripideswrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAndromache,Medea,andTrojanWomen.17.Com
6、edyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB.C..ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds.18.Herodotusisoftencalled“FatherofHistory”.HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.19.ThucydidesdescribedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetwee
7、nAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily.20.Pythagoraswasaboldthinkerwhohadtheideathatallthingswerenumbers.21.Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathematics.22.Heracleituebelievedfiretotheprimaryelementoftheuniverse,outofwhicheverythingelsehadarisen.23.Thegreat
8、estnamesinEuropeanphilosophyareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle.24.Democrituswasoneoftheearliestphilosophicalmateria
