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1、《欧洲文化入门》复习题（一）DivisionOne:GreekCultureandRomanCultureGreekCultureI.填空1.Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.2.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.3.Inthesecondhalfofth
2、e4thcenturyB.C.,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.4.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.5.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.6.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld’sforemostamateursportscompetition.7.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoro
3、ftheirepics.8.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.9.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,islandofIthaca.10.OfthemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:SapphoandPindar.
4、11.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.12.Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes.13.ThethreegreattragicdramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.14.AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBound,PersiansandA
5、gamemnon.15.SophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing,Electra,andAntigone.16.EuripideswrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAndromache,Medea,andTrojanWomen.17.Comedyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB.C..ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds.18.Herodotu
6、sisoftencalled“FatherofHistory”.HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.19.ThucydidesdescribedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily.20.Pythagoraswasaboldthinkerwhohadtheideathatallthingswerenumbers.21.Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathemat
7、ics.22.Heracleituebelievedfiretotheprimaryelementoftheuniverse,outofwhicheverythingelsehadarisen.23.ThegreatestnamesinEuropeanphilosophyareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle.24.Democrituswasoneoftheearliestphilosophicalmateria
