资源描述：
《《欧洲文化入门》复习题》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
《欧洲文化入门》复习题I.Completeeachoffollowingsentenceswiththemostlikelyanswer.(考30题，每题1分)1.In___________theRomanconqueredGreece.A.1200B.C.B.700B.C.C.146B.C.D.The5thcentury2.WhichofthefollowingworksdescribedthewarledbyAgamemnonagainstthecityofTroy?A.OedipustheKingB.IliadC.OdysseyD.Antigone3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbyAeschylus?A.AntigoneB.AgamemnonC.PersiansD.PrometheusBound4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbySophocles?A.ElectraB.AntigoneC.TrojanWomanD.OedipustheKing5.Whowasthefounderofscientificmathematics?A.HeracleitusB.AristotleC.SocratesD.Pythagoras6.Whoischieflynotedforhisdoctrinethat“manisthemeasureofallthings”?A.ProtagorasB.PythagorasC.PyrrhonD.Epicurus11.Whowrote,“Icame,Isaw,Iconquered”?A.HoraceB.JuliusCaesarC.VirgilD.MarcusTulliusCicero12.TheauthorofthephilosophicalpoemOntheNatureofthingsis___________.A.VirgilB.JuliusCaesarC.HoraceD.Lucretius13.WhichofthefollowingisnotRomanarchitecture?A.TheColosseumB.ThePanthenonC.TheParthenonD.PontduGard14.Whowrote,“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptive”?A.SapphoB.PlatoC.VirgilD.Horace15.WhichofthefollowingisbyfarthemostinfluentialintheWest?_______A.BuddismB.IslamismC.ChristianityD.Judaism16.TheOldTestamentconsistsof39books,theoldestandmostimportantofwhicharethefirstfivebooks,called__________.A.ExodusB.CommandmentsC.AmosD.Pentaeuch19.Afterthe_______centuryNestorianismreachedChina.A.sixthB.fifthC.secondD.third20.WhichofthefollowingemperorsmadeChristianitytheofficialreligionoftheempireandoutlawedallotherreligions?__________A.TheodosiusB.AugustusC.ConstantineID.NeroCaesar21.WhichofthefollowingemperorsissuedtheEdictofMilanandmadeChristianitylegalin313?__________A.AugustusB.ThedosiusC.NeroD.ConstantineI22.Attheageof30,JesusChristreceivedthebaptismatthehandsof_________.A.St.PeterB.St.PaulC.JohnBaptistD.JohnWycliff23.By1693,thewholeoftheBiblehadbeentranslatedin_________languages.A.228B.974C.1202D.15424.Whenprintingwasinventedinthe1500’s,the_______Biblewasthefirstcompleteworkprinted. A.EnglishB.LatinC.AramaicD.Hebrew23.WhendidthestandardAmericaneditionoftheRevisedVersionappear?_______A.1885B.1611C.1901D.197927.TheMiddleAgesisalsocalledthe_________.A.“AgeofChristianity”B.“AgeofLiterature”C.“AgeofHolySpirit”D.“AgeofFaith”28.Accordingtothecodeofchivalry,whichofthefollowingisnotpledgedtodoforaknight?_______A.TobeloyaltohislordB.TofightforthechurchC.ToobeywithoutquestiontheordersoftheabbotD.Torespectwomenofnoblebirth29.WhenwasanoblecrownedasaknightintheMiddleAgesinWesternEurope?_______A.Attheageof14.B.Whenhewastaughttosayhisprayers,learnedgoodmannersandranerrandsfortheladies.C.Ataspecialceremonyknownasdubbing.D.Whenhewaspledgedtofightforthechurch.30.Underfeudalism,whatwerethethreeclassesofpeopleofwesternEurope?________A.clergy,knightsandserfsB.Pope,bishopandpeasantsC.clergy,lordsandpeasantsD.knights,noblesandserfs31.BywhichyeartheMoslemshadtakenoverthelastChristianstrongholdandwonthecrusadesandruledalltheterritoryinPalestinethatthecrusadershadfoughttocontrol?________A.1270B.1254C.1096D.129137.Whichofthefollowingwascrowned“EmperoroftheRomans”bythePopein800?______A.St.ThomasAquinasB.CharlemagneC.ConstantineD.KingJames38.WhoistheauthoroftheOpusMaius?________A.RogerBaconB.DanteAlighieriC.ChaucerD.St.ThomasAquinas41.WhichofthefollowingworksiswrittenbyBoccaccio?_______A.DecameronB.CanzoniersC.DavidD.Moses42.Whoistheauthorofthepainting,BetrayalofJudas?________A.GiottoB.BrunelleschiC.DonatelloD.Giorgione43.WhichofthefollowingHighRenaissanceartistsisthefatherofthemodernmodeofpainting?_______A.RaphaelB.TitianC.daVinciD.Michelangelo44.WhichofthefollowingHighRenaissanceartistswasbestknownforhisMadona(VirginMary)?A.TitianB.daVinciC.MichelangeloD.Raphael 41.WhichofthefollowingpaintingswasbasedonthestoryintheBiblewithMariaridingonadonkeyreadytofacethehardshipahead?________A.TempestaB.SacredandProfaneLoveC.FlightintoEgyptD.TheReturnoftheHunters52.WhichofthefollowingworkswaswrittenbyRabelais,inwhichhepraisesthegreatnessofman,expresseshisloveofloveandhisreverenceandsympathyforhumanistlearning?_______A.GargantuaandPantagruelB.DonQuixoteC.ThePraiseofFollyD.Utopia53.WhichofthefollowingworksisworthreadingforMontaigne’shumanistideasandastylewhichiseasyandfamiliar?________A.SonnetsB.DecameronC.RabelaisD.OfRepentance54.WhichofthefollowingisNOTFrenchwriterpoet?_______A.CervantesB.PierredeRonsardC.RabelaisD.Montaigne55.In1516whopublishedthefirstGreekeditionoftheNewTestament?_________A.BruegelB.ErasmusC.ElGrecoD.Rabelais58.TheauthorofTheRevolutionoftheHeavenlyOrbsis_______?A.KeplerB.CopernicusC.GalileoD.Newton59.Galileoisthegreatestnameinthephysicsofthe17thcentury.Histelescopemagnifiedobjects_______.A.athousandtimesB.ahundredtimesC.ten-thousandtimesD.five-hundredtimes60.Engelssaid:“Therevolutionaryactbywhichnaturalsciencedeclareditsindependence…wasthepublicationoftheimmortalwork…”,whatdoestheimmortalworkreferto?_______A.SidereusNunciusB.NewEassaysConcerningHumanUnderstandingC.NewsystemofNatureD.TheRevolutionoftheHeavenlyOrbs65.________andNewtoninventedindependentlythedifferentialandintegralcalculus.A.DescartesB.CopernicusC.LeibnizD.Kepler66.WhichofthefollowingworkswasnotwrittenbyFrancisBacon?________A.EssayConcerningHumanUnderstandingB.TheNovumOrganum(NewMethod)C.TheNewAtlantisD.TheAdvancementofLearning67.Whichofthefollowingphilosophersbelievedthatmanisselfishbynature?_______A.JohnLockeB.DescartesC.PierreGassendiD.ThomasHobbes68.In1644,JohnMiltonwroteaprotestagainstaparliamentarydecreere-imposingcompletecensorshipofthepress.Thiswashisbestknownprose______.A.AndromaqueB.Areopagitica C.ParadiseLostD.ParadiseRegained66.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthecontentoftheBillofRightswhichlimitedtheSovereign’spowerincertainimportantdirections?________A.Parliamentwasresponsibleforallthelawmaking.B.Thepowerofsuspendingthelawsbyroyalauthoritywasdeclaredtobeillegal.C.TheKingshouldlevynomoneyatanytime.D.TheKingshouldnotkeepastandingarmyintimeofpeacewithoutconsentofParliament.78.WhichofthefollowingartistshelpedtobringtheRomanBaroquestyletoitsclimax?______A.RubensB.BorrominiC.CaravaggioD.Bernini79.WhichofthefollowingartistshelpedtospreadtheBaroquestyletoNorthEurope?______A.RubensB.VelazquezC.BorrominiD.Bernini80.Inpaintingofthe17thcentury,whowoninternationalfameandhisstyleisbasicallyclassical,hisfiguresarefrozenandtheiractionstiff?_____A.ChristopherWrenB.RembrandtC.PoussinD.RubbensII.Fillinthefollowingblanks.（考10空，每空1分）1.Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.2.ThethreegreattragicdramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.3.Toillustratetheprincipleofthelevel,Archimedesissaidtohavetoldtheking:“Givemeaplacetostand,andIwillmovetheworld.”4.Inthe4thcentury,theemperorConstantinemovedthecapitalfromRometoByzantium,renameditConstantinople(modernIstanbul).5.She-wolfisthestatuewhichillustratesthelegendofcreationofRoman.6.Amongallthereligionsbywhichpeopleseektoworship,ChristianityisbyfarthemostinfluentialintheWest.7.TheBibleisacollectionofreligiouswritingscomprisingtwoparts:theOldTestamentandtheNewTestament.8.InEuropeanhistory,thethousandyearperiodfollowingthefalloftheWestRomanEmpireinthefifthcenturyiscalledtheMiddleAges.9.Asaknight,hewaspledgedtoprotecttheweak,tofightforthechurch,tobeloyaltohislordandtorespectwomenofnoblebirth.Theseruleswereknownascodeofchivalry,fromwhichthewesternideaofgoodmannersdeveloped.10.Underfeudalism,peopleofWesternEuropeweremainlydividedintothreeclasses:clergy,lordsandpeasants.11.Toexpresstheirreligiousfeelings,manypeopleintheMiddleAgeswentonjourneystosacredplaceswhereearlyChristianleadershadlived.ThemostimportantofallwasJerusalem. 1.BeowulfisanAnglo-Sexonepic,inalliterativeverse,originatingfromthecollectiveeffortsoforalliterature.2.LoenardodaVinci’smajorworks:LastSupperisthemostfamousofreligiouspictures;MonaLisaprobablyistheworld’smostfamousportrait.3.TheReformationledbyMartinLutherwhichsweptoverthewholeofEuropewasaimedatopposingtheabsoluteauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurchandreplacingitwiththeabsoluteauthorityoftheBible.4.CervantescrownedliteratureofSpainandShakespeareofEnglandduringtheRenaissance.5.ThePuritanMovementwasthereligiouscauseoftheEnglishRevolution.6.Corneille,Racine,andMolierearethethreemajordramatistsoftheFrenchneoclassicisminthe17thcentury.III.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.（考10题，每题1分）1.Diogenesischieflynotedforhisdoctrinethat“manisthemeasureofallthings.”F2.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.T3.VenusdeMilowasdiscoveredintheislandofMiloin1920.F4.RomanlaweventuallybecamethecoreofmoderncivilandcommerciallawinmanyWesterncountries.T5.TheRomansgreatlyadmiredGreekworksandfreelyborrowedfromthem.Andbesidesbeingprofound,powerfulandbeautiful,theirownwritingsshowedlittleoriginality.F6.After392A.D.,Christianityhadchangedfromanobjectofoppressiontoaweaponinthehandsoftherulingclasstocrushtheiropponents.T7.TheBibleismuchmorethanareligiousbook;itisreallyanencyclopedia:history,literature,philosophyandrecordofgreatminds.T8.TheOldTestamentwasoriginallywritteninHebrew,theNewTestamentinapopularformofLatin.F9.DuringtheMedievaltimestherewasnocentralgovernmenttokeeptheorder.TheonlyorganizationthatseemedtouniteEuropewasfeudalism.F10.Someofthehermitsweregreatscholarsknownas“FatheroftheChurch”,whoseworkisgenerallyconsideredorthodox.T11.CharlemagnewantedtoruleastheemperorsofRomehaddoneinancienttimesandeventuallywascrowned“EmperoroftheRomans”byhimselfin800.F12.WheretheimpactwithItalywasmoststronglyfeltinfinearts,inFranceitwasliteratureandinEnglanditwasphilosophyanddrama.T13.AfterReformation,inreligion,ProtestantismbroughtintobeingdifferentformsofChristianitytochallengetheabsoluteruleoftheRomanCatholicChurch.T14.TheCartesiandoubtissummarizedinhismotto:“Idoubt,thereforeIthink:Ithink,thereforeIam.”T15.Baroqueart,flourishedfirstinSpainwascharacterizedbydramaticintensityandsentimentalappealwithalotofemphasisonlightandcolor.F 1.ThedesigningandbuildingofSt.Paul’sCathedralisthelandmarkinFrencharchitecture.F2.Thethreecomposersoftheclassicalmusic,Bach,HaydnandMozartareknownastheVienneseSchool.F3.TherepresentativesoftheLaterRomanticsinmusicareBerlioz,Liszt,Wagner,Verdi,Brahms,andTchaikovsky.T4.AsIsaacNewtondominated17th-centurysciencewithhisdiscoveryofthelawsgoverningthebodiesoftheuniverse,soCharlesDarwindominated18th-centuryscience,forhediscoveredthelawsgoverningtheevolutionofmanhimself.F5.Blackhumorisakindofdesperatehumor.Itisthelaughterattragicthings.Man’sfateisdecidedbycomprehensiblepowers.Wecan’tdoanythingaboutit,thereforewemayaswelllaugh.FIV.ExplainthefollowingtermsinEnglish.（考3个名词，每词10分）1.Humanism---Broadly,thistermsuggestsanyattitude,whichtendstoexaltthehumanelementorstresstheimportanceofhumaninterests,asopposedtothesupernatural,divineelement—orasopposedtothegrosser,animalelements.Inamorespecificsense,humanismsuggestsadevotiontothosestudiessupposedtopromotehumanculturemosteffectively—inparticular,thosedealingwiththelife,thought,languageandliteratureofancientGreeceandRome.InliteraryofclassicalculturethataccompaniedtheRenaissance.2.Enlightenment---TheEnlightenmentwasanintellectualmovementoriginatinginFrance,whichattractedwidespreadsupportamongtherulingandintellectualclassesofEuropeandNorthAmericainthesecondhalfofthe18thcentury.ItcharacterizestheeffortsbycertainEuropeanwriterstousecriticalreasontofreemindsfromprejudice,unexaminedauthorityandoppressionbychurchorState.Therefore,theEnlightenmentissometimescalledtheAgeofReason.3.Neo-classicism---ItwasinitiatedbyDryden,culminatedinPopeandcontinuedbyJohnson.Neo-classicistsmodeledthemselvesonclassical,ancientGreekandLatinauthors.Theywantedtoachieveperfectforminliterature.Theygeneraltendedtolookatsocialandpoliticallifecritically.Theyemphasizeonintellectratherthanimagination.Theyobservedfixedlawsandrulesinliterarycreation.Poetspreferredheroiccouplet.Indrama,theyadheredtothreeunities,time,placeandaction.Theyemphasizedonthedidacticfunctionofliterature.4.Calvinism---TheFrenchtheologianputhisthoughtsinhisInstitutesoftheChristianReligion,whichwasknownasCalvinism.CalvinismrejectedthepapalauthoritiesandstressedtheabsoluteauthorityofGod'swill,holdingthatonlythosespeciallyelectedbyGodaresaved.Italsoheldthatanyformofsinfulnesswasalikelysignofdamnationwhereasceaselessworkcouldbeasignofsalvation.Manyhistorianshavesuggested thatCalvinismhelpedtopavethewayforCapitalism.5.Reformation---Itwasa16thcenturyreligiousmovementaswellasasocio-politicalmovement.ItwasledbyMartinLutherandsweptoverthewholeofEurope.ThismovementwasaimedatopposingtheabsoluteauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurchandreplacingitwiththeabsoluteauthorityoftheBible.TheReformersbelievedindirectcommunicationbetweentheindividualandGod,engagedthemselvesintranslatingtheBibleintotheirmothertongues,urgedtheChurchtohaveinstitutionalreformsandwereinterestedinliberatingnationaleconomyandpoliticsfromtheinterferenceoftheRomanCatholicChurchandcarryingoutwarsintheinterestsofthepeasantsandrevolutionintheinterestsofthebourgeoisie.TheReformationdealtthefeudaltheocracyafatalblowandshatteredMedievalChurch'sstiflingcontroloverman,thuspavingthewayforcapitalism.V.Writeonthefollowingtopicinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.（20分）ItissaidthattheBiblehasshapedWesternculturemoredecisivelythananythingelseeverwritten.Doyouagreewiththisstatement?Pleasegiveyourownreasons.(1)Yes,Iagreewiththestatement.(2’)(2)IntroductiontotheBible.(8’)(3)Bible’ssignificantplaceinWesternculture.(10’)
