欧洲文化入门.doc

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1、第一章希腊、罗马文化第一节希腊文化GreekCultureI.必背细节1.Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyare:theGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.2.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcenturyB.C.ThiswasmarkedbythesuccessfulrepulseofthePersianinv

2、asionearlyinthecentury,theestablishmentofdemocracyandtheflourishingofscience,philosophy,literature,artandhistoricalwritinginAthens.公元前5世纪初希腊人成功挫败了波斯人的入侵，希腊民主的建立以及哲学、科学、文学艺术等在雅典的空前繁荣标志着希腊文化的发展在5世纪达到了巅峰。[历年经典试题（选择题）]Whichculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcenturyB.C.?.A.*GreekCultureB.Ro

3、manCultureC.EgyptianCultureD.ChineseCulture3.Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.在公元前4世纪后半叶，整个希腊在马其顿国王亚历山大大帝的统治之下。4.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.公元前146年，罗马征服希腊。[历年经典试题（选择题）]IntheRomansconqueredGreece.A.1200B.C.B.700B.C.C.*146B.C.D.the5

4、thcentury5.TheGreekslovedsports.Onceevery4yearstheGreekshadabigfestivalonOlympusMountwhichincludedcontestsofsports.ThusbegantheOlympicGames.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld’sforemostamateursportscompetition.希腊人热爱运动。每隔4个希腊人都会在奥林匹斯山举行盛大的体育比赛，这就是奥运会的开端。1896年重新盛行的奥运会已成为全球最重大的体育赛事。[200

5、1年自考真题——对错辨析题第1题]Onceeveryfiveyears,ancientGreekshadabigsportsfestivalonMountOlympus,whichmarkedthebeginningoftheOlympicGames.(F):本题的错误在于Onceeveryfiveyears应为Onceeveryfouryears.6.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics.Heprobablylivedaround700B.C.Twosuchepics,theIliadandtheOdyssey,h

6、avesurvived.TheyarenotabouteventsofHomer’61sowntime,butaboutgreatmenandwarsofaremoterage,probablyintheperiod1200—1100B.C.古希腊人认为生活在公元前700年左右的荷马是他们史诗的作者。两部史诗《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》讲述的不是荷马所在时代的事情，而是关于大约在公元前1200~1100年间的英雄和战争。7.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnoni

7、ntheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.[历年经典试题（选择题）]WhichofthefollowingworksdescribedthewarledbyAgamemnonagainsttheycityofTroy?.A.OedipusthekingB.*IliadC.OdysseyD.Antigone8.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanWartohis