语义翻译和交际翻译.ppt

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1、PeterNewmark“V”DiagramTranslationMethodsAboutTranslation《论翻译》ApproachestoTranslation《翻译探索》ATextbookofTranslation《翻译教程》纽马克提出将文本划分为三大类：表达型文本(expressivetext)信息型文本(informativetext)号召型文本(vocativetext)PeterNewmark表达型文本（强调原作者的权威地位）严肃文学作品（抒情诗小说戏剧）权威言论（领导人政治演说）自传随笔个人通信等信息型文本（强调“真实性”）教材专

2、业报告报刊文章学术论文/著会议纪要等号召型文本（号召读者思考感受，并作出反应或采取行动）告示说明书广告宣传劝导性文字通俗小说等语义翻译交际翻译SLTextemphasisTLemphasisWordforwordAdaptationLiteraltranslationFreetranslationFaithfultranslationIdiomatictranslationSemantictranslationCommunicativetranslation“V”DiagramSLTextemphasisTLemphasisWordforwordAd

3、aptationLiteraltranslationFreetranslationFaithfultranslationIdiomatictranslationSemantictranslationCommunicativetranslationSLTextemphasisTLemphasisWordforwordAdaptationLiteraltranslationFreetranslationFaithfultranslationIdiomatictranslationSemantictranslationCommunicativetransl

4、ationSLTextemphasisTLemphasisWordforwordAdaptationLiteraltranslationFreetranslationFaithfultranslationIdiomatictranslationSemantictranslationCommunicativetranslationSLTextemphasisTLemphasisWordforwordAdaptationLiteraltranslationFreetranslationFaithfultranslationIdiomatictransla

5、tionSemantictranslationCommunicativetranslationSLTextemphasisTLemphasisWordforwordAdaptationLiteraltranslationFreetranslationFaithfultranslationIdiomatictranslationSemantictranslationCommunicativetranslation★Word-for-wordTranslation★LiteralTranslation★FaithfulTranslation★FreeTr

6、anslation★Adaptation★IdiomaticTranslation★SemanticTranslation★CommunicativeTranslationTranslationMethodsWord-for-wordTranslation逐字翻译TheSLword-orderispreservedandthewordstranslatedsinglybytheirmostcommonmeanings,outofcontext.例1：IfMainStreetdidn’tunderstandthis,WallStreetdid.原译：如

7、果主街不理解，华尔街是理解的。改译：这一点，一般人不理解，华尔街那些大老板们却是明白的。例2：Heisasgoodasdead.原译：他同死一样好。改译：他几乎死去。LiteralTranslation直译TheSLgrammaticalconstructionsareconvertedtotheirnearestTLequivalentsbutthelexicalwordsareagaintranslatedsingly,outofcontext.当译出语和译入语在引申义和语用上相吻合时，可采用直译。直译要求再现原文的思想内容和艺术风格，要求保存原

8、文的语法结构和基本句型，要求保存原文的比喻形象和修辞色彩，总之，直译要求双语在词语形式上和句法结构上的对应和