外文翻译--乡村旅游发展成功因素.doc

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1、外文翻译之一Factorsforsuccessinruraltourismtourismdevelopment作者：SuzanneWilson,DanielR.Fesenmaier,JulieFesenmaierandJohnC,VanEs国籍：us出处：JournalofTravelResearch原文正文：Sincethe1970s,economicrestructuringandfarmcrisishavereducedruralcommunities'economicdevelopmentoptions,makingolderdevelopmentstrategie

2、slessviableandforcingmanytolookfornontraditional.waystosustainthemselves.OneofthemostpopularnontradiLiorialruraldevelopmentstrategieshasbeentourismanditsassociatedentrepreneurshipruraldevelopmentstrategieshasbeentourismanditsassociatedentrepreneurshipopportunitiesbecauseoftourism'sabilityt

3、obringindollarsandtogeneratejobsandsupportretailgrowth.Thepurposeofthisstudywastoidentifyandexaminethosefactorsthathavehelpedruralcommunitiessuccessfullydeveloptourismanditsentrepreneurshipopportunities.SeveralfocusgroupswereconductedwithlocalbusinesspersonsandleadersinsixruralIllinoiscomm

4、unities.Theresultsclearlydemonstratetheimportanceofthecommunityapproachtotourismdevelopmentandthatruraltourismdevelopmentandentrepreneurshipcannotworkwithouttheparticipationandcollaborationofbusinesspersonsdirectlytmdindirectlyinvolvedintourism.Sincethe1970s,economicrestructuringandthefarm

5、crisishaveseverelyreducedruralcommunities，economicopportunities.Economicrestructuringhascausedalossofruralmanufacturingplantsandmanyjobs.The1980sfarmcrisisintheMidwestalsoledtoadeclineinthenumbersoffarmersandrestructuredfarmownership,forcingsomefarmfamiliestoaugmenttheirincomeswithoff-farm

6、jobs,todepartfanning,ortodeclarebankruptcy.Thefarmcrisisandthelossofmanufacturingjobshadsubstantialrippleeffectsinruralcommunities.Asruraljoblessnessratesroseaboveurbanlevels,realincomegrowthstagnatedinruralareas(SearsandReid1992).Manystoresandagribusinessesdisappearedfromsmallruraltowns.N

7、otsurprisingly,a1992statewidesurveyinIllinoisfoundthat39%ofruralresidentsperceivedtheireconomicprospectsasworsening(Walzer1993).Thesechangeslimitedruralcommunities，economicdevelopmentoptions,makingolderdevelopmentstrategiessuchasmanufacturinglessviableandforci