乡村旅游发展成功因素-外文翻译两篇

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1、外文翻译之一Factorsforsuccessinruraltourismtourismdevelopment作者:SuzanneWilson,DanielR.Fesenmaier,JulieFesenmaierandJohnC.VanEs国籍:US岀处:JournalofTravelResearch原文正文:Sincethe1970s,economicrestructuringandfarmcrisishavereducedruralcommunities1economicdevelopmentoptions,makingolderdevelopmentstrategiesles

2、sviableandforcingmanytolookfornontraditionalwaystosustainthemselves.Oneofthemostpopularnontraditionalruraldevelopmentstrategieshasbeentourismanditsassociatedentrepreneurshipruraldevelopmentstrategieshasbeentourismanditsassociatedentrepreneurshipopportunitiesbecauseoftourism'sabilitytobringindo

3、llarsandtogeneratejobsandsupportretailgrowth・Thepurposeofthisstudywastoidentifyandexaminethosefactorsthathavehelpedruralcommunitiessuccessfullydeveloptourismanditsentrepreneurshipopportunities.SeveralfocusgroupswereconductedwithlocalbusinesspersonsandleadersinsixruralIllinoiscommunities.Theres

4、ultsclearlydemonstratetheimportanceofthecommunityapproachtotourismdevelopmentandthatruraltourismdevelopmentandentrepreneurshipcannotworkwithouttheparticipationandcollaborationofbusinesspersonsdirectlyandindirectlyinvolvedintourism.Sincethe1970s,economicrestructuringandthefarmcrisishaveseverely

5、reducedruralcommunities，economicopportunities.Economicrestructuringhascausedalossofruralmanufacturingplantsandmanyjobs.The1980sfarmcrisisintheMidwestalsoledtoadeclineinthenumbersoffarmersandrestructuredfarmownership,forcingsomefarmfamiliestoaugmenttheirincomeswithoff-farmjobs,todepartfarming,o

6、rtodeclarebankruptcy.Thefarmcrisisandthelossofmanufacturingjobshadsubstantialrippleeffectsinruralcommunities.Asruraljoblessnessratesroseaboveurbanlevels,realincomegrowthstagnatedinruralareas(SearsandReid1992).Manystoresandagribusinessesdisappearedfromsmallruraltowns.Notsurprisingly,a1992statew

7、idesurveyinIllinoisfoundthat39%ofruralresidentsperceivedtheireconomicprospectsasworsening(Walzer1993).Thesechangeslimitedruralcommunities，economicdevelopmentoptions,makingolderdevelopmentstrategiessuchasmanufacturinglessviableandforcing