乡村旅游发展成功因素-外文翻译两篇

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1、外文翻译之一Factorsforsuccessinruraltourismtourismdevelopment作者：SuzanneWilson,DanielR.Fesenmaier,JulieFesenmaierandJohnC,VanEs国籍：US出处：JournalofTravelResearch原文正文：Sincethe1970s,economicrestructuringandfarmcrisishavereducedruralcommunities'economicdevelopmentoptions,makingolderd

2、evelopmentstrategieslessviableandforcingmanytolookfornontraditionalwaystosustainthemselves.Oneofthemostpopularnontraditionalruraldevelopmentstrategieshasbeentourismanditsassociatedentrepreneurshipruraldevelopmentstrategieshasbeentourismanditsassociatedentrepreneurshipopp

3、ortunitiesbecauseoftourism'sabilitytobringindollarsandtogeneratejobsandsupportretailgrowth.Thepurposeofthisstudywastoidentifyandexaminethosefactorsthathavehelpedruralcommunitiessuccessfullydeveloptourismanditsentrepreneurshipopportunities.Severalfocusgroupswereconductedw

4、ithlocalbusinesspersonsandleadersinsixruralIllinoiscommunities.Theresultsclearlydemonstratetheimportanceofthecommunityapproachtotourismdevelopmentandthatruraltourismdevelopmentandentrepreneurshipcannotworkwithouttheparticipationandcollaborationofbusinesspersonsdirectlyan

5、dindirectlyinvolvedintourism.Sincethe1970s,economicrestructuringandthefarmcrisishaveseverelyreducedruralcommunities’economicopportunities.Economicrestructuringhas-１２-causedalossofruralmanufacturingplantsandmanyjobs.The1980sfarmcrisisintheMidwestalsoledtoadeclineinthenumb

6、ersoffarmersandrestructuredfarmownership,forcingsomefarmfamiliestoaugmenttheirincomeswithoff-farmjobs,todepartfarming,ortodeclarebankruptcy.Thefarmcrisisandthelossofmanufacturingjobshadsubstantialrippleeffectsinruralcommunities.Asruraljoblessnessratesroseaboveurbanlevels

7、,realincomegrowthstagnatedinruralareas(SearsandReid1992).Manystoresandagribusinessesdisappearedfromsmallruraltowns.Notsurprisingly,a1992statewidesurveyinIllinoisfoundthat39%ofruralresidentsperceivedtheireconomicprospectsasworsening(Walzer1993).Thesechangeslimitedruralcom

8、munities’economicdevelopmentoptions,makingolderdevelopmentstrategiessuchasmanufacturinglessviableandfor