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1、Chapter12ScientificLiteratureTranslationThearchitectureofscientificliteratureadvocatespreciseness,accurateconcepts,stronglogic,concisestyleofwriting,outstandingemphases,neatandlesschangeablesentencetype.Prefixstatementsareusedfrequently,thatis,themaininformationisputforwarda
2、sfarasitcould.Andmaininformationistransferredthroughthesubject.Inaword,thearchitecturefeaturesofscientificliteratureare:clear,accurate,concise,andtight.ArchitectureFeaturesofScientificLiteratureGrammarFeaturesofScientificLiteratureScientificliteratureisacarrierofscienceandte
3、chnology.Itisusedtopresentthenatureofscienceandtechnologyobjectively.Itrequiresrigorlogicanditshouldspecifytheviewpointsofauthorsobjectively.Thusthepresenttense,indicativemood,modalverbssuchasCanandMay,thepassivevoice,postmodifiersareusedofteninscientificliterature.Theuseofp
4、resenttenseinscientificliteratureScientificliteratureusesmorepresenttenseandtheindicativemoodoftheverbtoshowgeneralnarrationwithtimeliness,namelynarratethefactorthetruth.Objectivelytostatedefinition,theorem,equation,formulaandchart,etc.Forexample:（1）Therotationoftheearthonit
5、sownaxiscausesthechangefromdaytonight.地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。（2）AIDSisspreadbydirectinfectionofthebloodstreamwithbodyfluidsthatcontaintheAIDSvirus.艾滋病传播是由血液和带有艾滋病病毒的体液直接感染引起的。Theuseofmodalverb（3）Forceisavectorwhichhasbothmagnitudeanddirection.力是一种向量，它既有大小又有方向。（4）Hookelawstatesthatth
6、estraindevelopedisdirectlyproportionaltothestressproducingit.胡克定律表明，应变与引起应变的应力成正比。InScientificliterature,theusingfrequencyofmodalverbs“can”and“may”isalittlehighercomparedwithothers.Thisisbecausethesetwomodalverbscanbeusedforexpressingobjectivepossibility,whileothersstressmor
7、eonsubjectivity.（1）Anyonewithapersonalcomputer,amodemandthenecessarysoftwaretolinkcomputersovertelephonelinescansignon.任何人只要有一台个人电脑，再有一个调制解调器和必要的软件，就可以把电脑连接到电话线上，然后就能申请上网。（2）Themoderndigitalcomputerisanelectronicmachinethatcanperformmathematicalorlogicalcalculationsanddatapr
8、ocessingfunctionsinaccordancewithapredeterminedprogramofinstructions.数字计算机是
