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1、Lecture12Infinitive(II)Thislectureisconcernedwithcombinationsofinfinitiveswithadjectives,nouns,andverbs-11.1Adjective+infinitive(作主语的补语)Here“adjective+infinitive”referstothecombinationthatactsascomplementinSVCpatterns.Semantically,thesecombinationsfallintothreetypes,ea
2、chofwhichcontainsseveralsub-types.(不定式与形容词构成的形容词词组作主语补语，这类形容词都是一些动态形容词)TypeIThesubjectofthemainclauseisalsothelogicalsubjectoftheinfinitive.1)Adjectivesshowingemotionalfeeling(happy,glad,sorry,content,pleased,surprised)Johnwasverypleasedtobegiventhejob.Johnwasverypleas
3、edwhenhewasgiventhejob・2)Adjectivesshowinggoodorbadluck.(lucky,fortunate,unlucky)Hewasfortunatetoescapebeinginjuredintheaccident,fHewasfortunatethathewasabletoescapebeinginjuredintheaccident.Hewasunluckynottowinthegame・—Hewasunluckythathecouldn，twinthegame<3)Adjectives
4、showingmentalstateorpersonalattitude.(anxious,determinedready,keen)rmdeterminedtofinishtheworktonight.—I'mdeterminedthatIwillfinishtheworktonight.He"sanxioustoseeher.fHe，sanxiousthathehopetoseeher.Note:Ifthesubjectofthemainclauseisnotthelogicalsubjectoftheinfinitive,th
5、elogicalsubjectshouldbeexpressedwithanintroductoryfor.I"mafraidforhertogoswimmingalone・fI’mafraidwhenshewillgoswimmingalone・1)Adjectivesshowingcharacterorbehavioraltrait.(foolish,careless,thoughtful,stupid表示人的行为表现和性格待征的形容词变成IT句型时用of引出形容词的逻辑主语。)Youarekindtosayso.—Itiski
6、ndofyoutosayso.Theywerethoughtfultocomehomeearly・—Itwasthoughtfulofthemtocomehomeearly.TypeIIInthistypeofSVCpattern,thesubjectofthemainclauseisthelogicalobjectoftheinfinitive・Here,theadjectivesaregenerallystativeadjectives•(静态形容词interesting,expensive,useful,dangerous)T
7、hisriverisdangeroustobathein.—Tobatheinthisriverisdangerous.—Itisdangeroustobatheinthisriver.Butthereareconstructionsofthesametypethatcannotbesotransformed:Thecoffeeisbittertotaste.*Totastethecoffeeisbitter.TypeIIIThesubjectofthemainclausemaybethelogicalsubjectorlogica
8、lobjectoftheinfinitive•Thesebooksareeasytosell.-^Itiseasytosellthesebooks・Thesebooksselleasily.(这类形容词往往变成了副词)Inmostca
