英美概况课时讲义Chapter One

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1、ChapterOneGeographicalFeatures&NaturalResourcesI.NamesandPositions1.Fulltitle:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandI.NamesandPositions2.position:North:East:Southeast:West:I.NamesandPositionsFoursections:1)England---London2)Scotland---EdinburghGreatBritain3)Wales---Cardiff4)North

2、ernIreland---BelfastWhatisthedifferencebetweentheBritishIsles,Britain,theUnitedKingdomandEngland?TheBritishIslesconsistsoftwolargeislands;oneiscalledIrelandandtheotherBritain.Britain,orGreatBritain,isthelargerofthesetwoislands,anditisdividedintothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.I.Namesan

3、dPositions3.area:244,820sqkmcoastline:12,429km9（longestintheworld)southtonorth:nearly1,000kmwesttoeast:500km(atthewidestpart)JurassicParkII.PhysiographicFeatures1.theHighlandZone(inthenorthandwest)1)theHighlandsofScotland:BenNevis---highestmountain1343m2)MiddleValleyofScotland3)theSouthern

4、Uplands4)thePennies---“thebackboneofEngland”5)theLakeDistrict6)theWelshMassifBenNevisThebackboneofEnglandThePenninesmoorLakePoetsWilliamWordsworthSamuelTaylorColeridgeRobertSoutheyII.PhysiographicFeatures2.theLowlandZone1)theMidlandsofEngland2)thePlainofLancastria3)theNorthEasternLowlandsI

5、II.Climate---Climate:referstotheaveragetemperature,rainfall,wind,etc.ofaplaceorareaovertheyearoraseason.---Weather:referstotheday-to-dayconditionsofsunshine,temperature,wind,rain,etc.overaparticularplaceorarea.IthasbeensaidthatinnocountryotherthanEnglandcanoneexperiencefourseasonsinthecour

6、seofasingleday.UnitedKingdomWeatherForecastUnitedKingdomClimateTemperaturesPrecipitationLondonEdinburghLondonEdinburghJan.0°C0°C50mm60mm7°C6°CJuly:11°C10°C60mm80mm22°C19°CTheaveragerainfallisabout1000mm.Insomeplacesthereareevenover260rainydaysayear.100F=37.7C-20F=-28.8CBritain'sfavorablema

7、ritimeclimate1.features:changeableweathermildtemperatureabundantrainfallIII.Climate2.factors:surroundingwatersprevailingsouth-westwindsortheWesterliesNorthAtlanticDriftOceanCurrentsThemajorsurfacecurrentsintheworld’soceansarecausedbyprevailingwinds.Thecurrents