英美概况课件第五章Chapter I

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1、PartFivePoliticalSystemChapterITheMonarchyI.WhatistheBritishMonarchy?1.TheBritishMonarchyishereditary.2.TheKingorQueenistheheadofstate.3.Thecommander-in-chiefofthearmedforces.4.TheheadoftheJudiciaryintheU.K..5.ThetemporalheadoftheestablishedChurchofEngland.1.TheMonarchybega

2、ntotakeshapeattheendofthe15thcenturyandatthebeginningofthe16thcentury.2.TheConstitutionalMonarchystartedattheendofthe17thcentury,theparliamentestablisheditsrights,thenthepowergraduallypassedintothehandsofministersandatwo-partysystemwasdeveloped.II.WhenandHowtotakeshape?III.Cro

3、wn’sconstitutionalrights1.TheQueenappointedallministersintheGovernmentandeverypublicofficialisherservant.2.TheQueensummons,prologuesanddissolvesParliament.3.Inthenewsessionshemakestheopeningspeechandoutlineshergovernment’sprogramme.4.Sheconcludestreatiesanddeclareswar.5.Shegiv

4、esherassenttoBillsbeforetheybecomelaw.6.Sheconferspeeragesandotherhonors.IV.Realimportance1.Itliesinitseffectonpublicattitude,anditisalsoanunchangeablesymbolofthewholenation.2.TheMonarchyisalwaysthere,abovepartyquarrels,representingthenationasawhole,andlendingdignityandsignifi

5、cancetoallthingsdoneinhername.ThisiswhattheBritishbourgeoisietrytoconvincethepeople.3.Monarchyhasnobiastoclassesandparties.1.QueenElizabethII,11thgenerationoftheHouseofHanoverandtheheadofstateofthecountry.2.ShecametothethroneonFeb.6th,1952.3.ThepresentQueen’stitleis“Elizabetht

6、heSecond,bytheGraceofGodoftheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandandofHerOtherRealmsandTerritoriesQueen,HeadoftheCommonwealth,DefenderofFaith”V.Thepresentsovereign1.ThemerefactthattheCrownexistshelpstoconcealthefactofthedictatorshipofthebourgeoisie.Thevitalpowerliesin

7、thePrimeMinisterandhisCabinet.2.ItisthesupremeillustrationofthewayaBritishinstitutiondevelops.3.CrownistheonlylegalandconstitutionallinkbindingthemembersoftheCommonwealthtothehomecountryandtooneanother.VI.TherealcontrollerofBritaintheendConstitutionalMonarchyTheKingorQueenseem

8、stohaveanunlimitedpower,butpracticallyeverythingheorshedoesis