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1、PERSPECTIVESfindingscanbeavoidedbytheuseofanti-OPINIONbodycombinationsagainstvariousmarkersthatcoverthecomplexheterogeneityofChallengesincirculatingCTCs.RT-PCR-baseddetectionofspecifictranscriptsisquitedifferentfromcapturetumourcellresearchandvisualiz
2、ationofintactCTCs,andlow-levelillegitimateexpressionofthetargetedtranscriptcanleadtofalse-positiveresults9.CatherineAlix-PanabièresandKlausPantelSubsequently,wewillgiveabriefoverviewofthetechnologiesusedfordetectionandAbstract
3、Duringthepasttenyears,ci
4、rculatingtumourcells(CTCs)haveenrichmentof CTCs.receivedenormousattentionasnewbiomarkersandthesubjectofbasicresearch.AlthoughCTCsarealreadyusedinnumerousclinicaltrials,theirProteinexpression-basedtechnologiesclinicalutilityisstillunderinvestigation.Ma
5、nyissuesregardingthedetectionProtein-basedtechnologiesrelyonspecificandcharacterizationofCTCsremainunknown.InthisOpinionarticle,wemarkersthataredetectedbyantibodies.EpithelialmarkersareexpressedonnormalproposeaconceptualframeworkofCTCassaysandpointout
6、currentchallengesepitheliaandepithelialtumours(thatis,ofCTCresearch,whichmightstructurethisdynamicfieldoftranslationalcarcinomas)butabsentonthemesenchymalcancerresearch.leukocytesandhavethereforebeenfre-quentlyusedtodistinguishcancercellsfromResearcho
7、ncirculatingtumourcellsCTCdetectionapproachesnormalbloodcells8.Epithelialcelladhesion(CTCs)isaveryactivefield,withmorethanRecentprogresshasbeenmadeinthedevel-molecule(EPCAM)isthecellsurfacemarker15,190publicationslistedunderthekeyopmentofvariousmicrof
8、luidicdevicestothatismostfrequentlyusedforpositivephrase“circulatingtumorcell”inPubMedenrichCTCs,butthediscoveryandvalida-enrichmentofepithelialCTCs(FIG. 1),andinJune2014(onaverage,20newpublica-tionofnewCTCmarkersisstillinitsinfancy.membersofthefamily
9、ofcytokeratins(thattionseachweekin2013).CTCsareusedClassificationsofcurrentCTCenrichmentis,CK8,CK18andCK19)—cytoskeletalasbiomarkersin>270clinicaltrialsthatanddetectiontechnologiesarepresentedinproteinsthatarespecificforepithelialcells—areregi
