NSS Chemistry Part 13 Industrial Chemistry _II_

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1、HKCEE&HKALPastPaperQuestions:Part13IndustrialChemistryIIFertilizers1.HKCEE1996Q8aThetablebelowlistssomeinformationaboutfournitrogen-containingcompoundswhichmaybeusedasfertilizers.CompoundSolubilityinwateratCostperkgofCostperkgofnitrogenino-325C/moldmcompound/$thecompound/$NH331.112.014.6N

2、H4NO326.820.0x(NH4)2SO45.815.070.7(NH4)2HPO44.4141.0664.7(i)Explainwhynitrogenisessentialforthegrowthofplants.(ii)Calculatethevalueofx.(iii)SuggestTWOreasonswhyfarmersdonotpreferusingammonia(gasorsolution)directlyasafertilizer.(iv)Thegrowthofsomeplantssuchasturnipsrequiresalargeamountofni

3、trogen.Whichofthefourcompoundsisthemostsuitableforuseasafertilizerfortheseplants?Explainyouranswer.(Relativeatomicmasses:H=1.0,N=14.0,O=16.0)(8marks)12.HKCEE1999Q8bManufacturingammoniabytheHaberprocessinvolvesthefollowingexothermicreaction:N2(g)+3H2(g)←→2NH3(g)(i)(1)Nameacatalystusedi

4、ntheprocess.(2)Suggesthowtheheatliberatedinthereactioncanbeusedintheprocess.93(ii)Asufficientamountofhydrogenand6.0×10dmofnitrogen,measuredatroomtemperatureandpressure,areallowedtoreactinthereactionchambertogiveammonia.Supposethattheconversionofnitrogentoammoniais15%.Calculatethemassofamm

5、oniaformed.(iii)Uponreactionwithasuitablechemical,ammoniagivesanitrogenousfertilizer.Writeachemicalequationforsuchareaction.(iv)Mostwindowcleanerscontainammoniasolutionasanactiveingredient.(1)Explainwhyammoniasolutionisusedinwindowcleaners.(2)StateONEreasonforusingammoniasolutioninsteadof

6、sodiumhydroxidesolutioninwindowcleaners.(Relativeatomicmasses:H=1.0,N=14.0;3molarvolumeofgasatroomtemperatureandpressure=24.0dm)(9marks)23.HKCEE2000Q9cNitrogenconstitutesabout78%oftheatmosphere.Theflowdiagrambelowshowstheconversionofatmosphericnitrogentoplantproteins.atmosphericnitratespl

7、antnitrogeninsoilproteins(i)Drawtheelectronicdiagramforamoleculeofnitrogen,showingelectronsintheoutermostshellsonly.(ii)DescribeONEprocessbywhichatmosphericnitrogencanbeconvertedtonitratesinsoil.(iii)Whenplantsareeatenbyanimals,theplantproteinsaretransformedintoanim