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1、CCoonncceeppttuuaallMMetetaapphohorrTThheeooryryTsameretSamuelsWS2010-11Heisatthepeakofhishealth…healthhheeaallththiimmaaggeemmeettaaphpheernrn==eieinnzzelielintnteerrpprreettieierrungung‘herwaistisanhour-glass’(Ahrens:273).Thevisualimageofthehourglassismappedontothewaist.Result:ment
2、alrepresentationofcurvedwaistinthebrain.ImageMetaphern:nureine(visuelle)EbenedesKonzeptesAb1980:GeorgeLakoffundMarkJohnson:ConceptualMetaphorTheory“ourconceptsstructurewhatweperceive…andhowwerelatetootherpeople.Ourconceptualsystemthisplaysacentralroleindefiningoureverydayrealities.If
3、wearerighttosuggestthatourconceptualsystemislargelymetaphorical,then…whatwedoeverydayisverymuchamatterofmetaphor”.(LakoffandJohnson,1980A:3)1.Mostofourconceptsareabstract-conceptslikeTIME,EMOTIONS,COMMUNICATION,THEMIND,IDEAS…2.…Abstractconceptsaredefinedmetaphoricallyinmoreconcrete…t
4、erms-conceptslikeSPACE,MOTION,FOOD,OBJECTS,etc.3.However,nosingle,concrete,non-metaphoricalconceptiseverstructuredinexactlytherightwaytocompletely…defineanysingleabstractconcept.4.Asaresult…eachmetaphordefinesonlycertainaspectsofanabstractconcept.(Lakoff&Johnson,1980B)DDasasCCononzze
5、eptptddererIdIdeeeeForexample,theconceptofanIDEAisdefinedbyarichandcomplexclusterofmetaphors.Ideasarepeople(Xisthefatheriftheidea),ideasareplants(theideasofhisideawereplantedinhisyouth),ideasareproducts(heproducesideasatanoutstandingrate),etc…VVeerrbbrreieitteeteteCCononzzeeptuptuell
6、eelleMMeettaapphheernrn((bbeehhaandndelteltbbeieiLLakakoffoff))TIMEISUNDERSTOODASMONEY(theflattirecostmeanhour,Idon’thavetimetogiveyou).ARGUMENTISWAR(hewontheargument,Iattackedhisposition).Orientationalmetaphors:GOODISUP,BADISDOWN(dropdead,atthepeakofsomebody’shealth,hefellill).(Lako
7、ffandJohnson,1980)CoCommpplleexxiitytyooffththeeeexxppeerriieentntalalbbasasiissffoorraammeettaapphhororAmetaphorcanserveasavehicleforunderstandingaconceptonlybyitsexperientialbasis.MetaphorscannotbeunderstoodusingtheAISBformula,becausenometaphorcanbecomprehendedindependentlyofitsexp
8、erientialbas
