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1、ChapterThreeProducingEffectiveSentencesBase2:CoherencePartIIBuildingGoodSentenceBase2:Readability1.CoordinatingtoRelateEqualIdeas2.SubordinatingtoDistinguishtheMainIdea3.ChoosingClearConnectors4.UsingParallelismUnderstandingCoherenceUnderstandingCoherenceEffectivecommun
2、icationrequiresthefittingofthoughtstogetheraccordingtotheirrelativeimportancesothatthereaders’attentionstaysfocusedonthemajorpoints.Therearemanywaystoimprovecoherence.OneofthemisthroughskillfullymanipulatingSyntacticStructuresforSentenceCoherence:★coordination★subordina
3、tion★choosingclearcoordinators★usingparallelismUnderstandingCoherenceActivityMakeastudyofthefollowingsentencestoseehowcoherenceisimprovedthroughtheabovesentencecombiningskills.UnderstandingCoherenceSentence1Carinsuranceiscostly,butmedicalinsuranceisalmostaluxury.Comment
4、:Wecancoordinatethefactsandideasthatwewishtoemphasizeequally,suchasthethoughtsaboutinsuranceinthissentence.Wecancoordinatetheinformationinwords,phrases,andclausesbyjoiningthemwiththecoordinatingconjunctionssuchasand,but,or,nor,for,so,andyet;byjoiningthemwithconjunctivea
5、dverbssuchashowever,moreover,andtherefore.UnderstandingCoherenceSentence2Becauseaccidentsandtheftarefrequent,carinsuranceisexpensive.Comment:Wesubordinatelesserfactsandideastotheoneswewishtoemphasize.Inthissentence,theclausebeginningwithBecauseissubordinatetothemainclau
6、se.Subordinatedinformationmaybeveryimportanttothetotalmeaningofthesentence,but,comparedwithoneinthemainclause,itislessimportant.Wecanalsosubordinateinformationbyexpressingitinclausesintroducedbysubordinatingconjunctionssuchasalthough,because,if,when,where,while,orrelati
7、vepronouns,who,which,that;orbyexpressingitinphrasesandsinglewords.UnderstandingCoherenceBelowaresomecommonlyusedconjunctionsafteralthoughasasifaslongasassoonasasthoughbecausebeforeevenifeventhoughhowifinorderthatsincesosothatthanthatthoughunlessuntilwhenwheneverwherewhe
8、reverwhetherwhileUnderstandingCoherenceSentence3Newspapersmaysomedaybebroughttoyourhome,notbypapercarriers,but
