毕业论文外文翻译-招标相关知识和招标合同文件

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1、大连海洋大学本科毕业设计外文翻译Biddingrelatedknowledgeanddocumentscomprisingthecontract1.PublicandprivatesectorsBiddingpracticesofthepublicandprivatesectorsoftheindustrydiffertremendously.Thetermpublicinthiscontextmeansthattheconstructionworkisfinancedbypublicfundsintheformoftaxdollarortheproceedsfromth

2、esaleofmunicipal,state,orfederalbonds.Publicandprivateworkhavedifferentbidrules.Publicconstructioncontractsareadvertisedandletinaccordancewiththebiddingstatutesandotherlegislativelymandatedrulesoftheparticulargovernmentalentitythatispayingfortheinstructionwork.Forinstance,whentheworkisfin

3、ancedwithfederalfunds,thelawsandregulationspromulgatedbyfederalagenciesandbodiesgoverntheprocessofadvertisingandawardingconstructioncontracts.Similarly,state,county,andmunicipalgovernmentshavestatutesandregulationsthatgovernwhentheirfundsareusedtopayforthecostofthework.Inaddition,specialg

4、overnmentalorquasi-governmentalbodiessuchassewerorrapidtransitdistrictsareoftenestablishedbyspecialenablinglegislation.Theenablinglegislationusuallyprovidesdefinitiverulesforadvertisingandawardingtheconstructioncontractsrequiredtocarryoutthemissionoftheparticularspecialbodyinvolved.Unlike

5、publicowners,privateownerscanestablishwhateverrulesthattheywant.Theyalsocanchangetherulesatwillwiththeresultthattheserulesarenotnecessarilyobserved.Althoughthepublicownerhastheabilitytosetparticularrulesandtochangethembyissuinganaddendumtothebiddingdocuments,thepowerisseverelyregulated.Ab

6、iddocumentaddendumisamodificationtothebiddingdocumentsformallyissuedbytheownertoallholdersofbiddingdocumentsbeforebidsarereceived.Inthepublicsector,theremustbeareasonabletimeperiodfromtheissuedateofthelastaddendumissuedandthedateoftheopeningtoensurethatallbiddershavesufficienttimetoreflec

7、tproperlytheimportoftheaddendumintheirbids.Biddersarerequiredtolistonthebidformalladdendareceivedfortheirbidstobeconsideredresponsive.Failuretolistaddendamayresultinthebidbeingrejected.Intheprivatesectoranythingcanhappen,whereasinthepublicsectortheresultwillusuallyb