Discussion on English voice 英语专业毕业论文

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1、DiscussiononEnglishvoiceI.IntroductionEnglishvoicebelongstogrammarcategory.Itisaformofverbsbetweensubjectandverb.Traditionally,thevoiceofEnglishgrammarisdividedintoactivevoiceandpassivevoice.Whenthesubjectistheexecutorofthebehavior,theformofpredicateisactivevoice.Whenthesubjectistheta

2、kerofthebehavior,theformofpredicateispassive.Manygrammariansthinkthattherearerelationsoftransformationbetweenactivevoiceandpassivevoice.Inpractice,thetransformationbetweentheactiveformandthepassiveformiscomplicated.Therearemanydifferencesbetweenactivevoiceandpassivevoice,sothetransfor

3、mationbetweentheactivevoiceandthepassivevoiceisconstrainedbylexical,semanticandsituation.1.1.Usually,theactivevoicecanbetransformedintopassivevoice.Forexamples:Anumberofworkershavechallengedthisview.Thisviewhasbeenchallengedbyanumberofworkers.Agrenadekilledhisbestfriend.Hisbestfriendw

4、askilledbyagrenade.1.2.Sometimes,theactivevoicecanbetransformedintopassivevoice.Forexamples:Ihaveahouseinthecountry.Ahouseishadbymeinthecountry.(F)ShemarriedaFrenchman.AFrenchmanwasmarriedbyher.(F)Ⅱ.PassivevoiceWegiveasimpledefinitiontothepassivevoiceinform,namely,be/get+-ed.ZhangKeli

5、andsomeothergrammariansdividethepassivevoiceintothreekinds.Thosearetrue-passive,pseudo-passiveandquasi-passive.2.1.True-passive2.1.1.Asentencewithexecutoriscalledtrue-passive.Thetrue-passivecanbedividedintoidealityandnon-ideality.Forexamples:Theviolinwasmadebymyfather.Sentence(1)isani

6、dealitypassivevoice.Becauseithasanexecutorandtheexecutorisaperson.Itiscorrespondingtotheactivevoice:“Myfathermadetheviolin.”Coalhasbeenreplacedbyoil.Sentence(2)isanon-idealitypassive.Becauseitdoesn’tdirectlycorrespondtoanactor.Itcanbetransformedintotwoactors:“Oilhasreplacedcoal.”“Peop

7、lehavereplacedcoalbyoil.”2.1.2.–edinthetrue-passiveiscalledverbal-participle(动词性分词).Theexecutoroftrue-passivereferstotheperson.Sometime,theexecutorisunclearordoesn’tbedemoted.Theexecutorjustcanbeledby“by”oromitted.Forexamples:Hisbestfriendwaskilledbyagrenade.Thisviewhasbeenchallengedb

8、yanum