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1、DiscussiononEnglishVoice中文摘要:语态是一个语法范畴.它是用来表示主语和谓语动词之间关系的一种形式.语态有主动和被动两种形式.如果主语是动作的执行者,谓语动词就要用主动形式.如果主语是动作的承受者,动词就要用被动形式.张克礼等一些语法学家认为被动语态可以分为三种:真被动,假被动和半被动.本文将简单论述英语语态.关键词:主动语态被动语态转换限制Abstract:Voicebelongstogrammarcategory.Itisaformofverbswhichexpressestherelationbetwe
2、entheactionanditssubjectinsentences.Indicatingwhethertheactionisperformedbythesubjectorpassesontoit.InEnglish,therearetwokindsofvoice:theactivevoiceandthepassivevoice.Ifthesubjectperformstheaction,thentheverbformisintheactivevoice.Ifthesubjectreceivestheaction,thenthev
3、erbformisinthepassivevoice.ZhangKeliandsomeothergrammariansdividethepassivevoiceintothreekinds:true-passive,pseudo-passiveandquasi-passive.ThispaperwilldiscussonEnglishvoice.Keywords:activevoice,passivevoice,transformation,constraints,formmeaningⅠIntroductionEnglishvoi
4、cebelongstogrammarcategory.Itisaformofverbsbetweensubjectandverb.Traditionally,thevoiceofEnglishgrammarisdividedintoactivevoiceandpassivevoice.Whenthesubjectistheexecutorofthebehavior,theformofpredicateisactivevoice.Whenthesubjectisthetakerofthebehavior,theformofpredic
5、ateispassive.Manygrammariansthinkthattherearerelationsoftransformationbetweenactivevoiceandpassivevoice.Inpractice,thetransformationbetweentheactiveformandthepassiveformiscomplicated.Therearemanydifferencesbetweenactivevoiceandpassivevoice,sothetransformationbetweenthe
6、activevoiceandthepassivevoiceisconstrainedbylexical,semanticandsituation.1.1.Usually,theactivevoicecanbetransformedintopassivevoice.Forexamples:Anumberofworkershavechallengedthisview.Thisviewhasbeenchallengedbyanumberofworkers.Agrenadekilledhisbestfriend.Hisbestfriendw
7、askilledbyagrenade.1.2.Sometimes,theactivevoicecanbetransformedintopassivevoice.Forexamples:Ihaveahouseinthecountry.Ahouseishadbymeinthecountry.(F)ShemarriedaFrenchman.AFrenchmanwasmarriedbyher.(F)ⅡPassivevoiceWegiveasimpledefinitiontothepassivevoiceinform,namely,be/ge
8、t+-ed.ZhangKeliandsomeothergrammariansdividethepassivevoiceintothreekinds.Thosearetrue-passive,pseudo-passiveandquasi
