英语语言学之morphology

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1、Lecture5授课题目:morphology.教学目标及基本要求：Teachingtargetandobject(1)Letstudentsknowwhatmorphologyis,andhowthemorphemesarecombinedintolargerunitsforhumancommunication.(2) Letstudentsknowhownewwordsareformed.教学重点Teachingfocus(1)   wordandwordclasses(2) word,morphemes,a

2、ndallomorph(3)   typesofmorphemes(4)   morphologicalrules(5)   theformationofnewwordsRevisionexercisesWhatisphonology?Whatisthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenphoneticsandphonology?Howcanwedistinguishaphone,aphonemeandanallophone?Whatisaminimalpair?Giveussom

3、eexamples.WhatisMorphologyMorphologystudiesmorphemesandtheirdifferentformsandthewaytheycombineinwordformation.Soitreferstothestudyoftheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.Morphologyisthestudyoftheinternalstructure,formsandclassesofwords.F

4、orexample:“Purify”-----consistsoftwoparts:“pur(e)”and“–ify”,fromwhichonecanworkoutarule:anewformofverbcanbeformedbyadding“-ify”toanadjective.Thisiscalledamorphologicalrule.“doing”---consistedoftwoparts“do”and“-ing”,fromwhichwecanworkoutarule:wecanput“–ing”toa

5、verbtoforma“-ing’participle.形态学研究词素、词素的不同形态(即词素变体)极其构词法.英语形态学是研究英语词素及其构词法的.Whatisaword?Whatarethemainfeaturesofaword?Whatdoyouthinkofthefollowingdefinitionsofaword?Awordisameaningfulgroupoflettersprintedorwrittenhorizontallyacrossapieceofpaper.Awordis“aminimu

6、mfreeform”,thatis,thesmallestformthatcanoccurbyitself.ThefourcharacteristicsofawordAwordisasoundorcombinationofsoundswhichweproducevoluntarilywithourvocalequipment.e.g.“we”[wi:]Awordissymbolic.Itstandsforsomethingelsesuchasobject,happeningorideas.“table”Words

7、arepartofthelargercommunicationsystemwecalllanguage.“Iteachlinguistics”Wordshelphumanbeingsinteractculturallywithoneanother.(p.75)ThedefinitionofawordandtheclassificationofwordsAwordisameaningfulandgrammaticallanguageunitwhichcanbeusedbyitsown.Everywordbelong

8、stoacertainwordclassandinEnglish,wordscanbedividedintothefollowingtenclasses:n.v.adj.adv.prep.pron.article,determiner,conjunction,interjection.ThesetenwordclassescanbedividedintoOpenClass