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时间:2020-07-30
《词汇学复习题(完整版).doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、(最终完整版)I.DefinetheFollowingTerms.1.MorphemeMorpheme(语素):theminimalmeaningfulunit(thesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwords)2.allomorphAllomorph(语素变体):isadifferentvariantformofamorpheme,differinphonologicalandspellingform,butatthesameinfunctionandmeaning.Oneofth
2、evariantsthatrealizeamorpheme3.boundmorphemeBoundMorpheme(粘着语素):Aboundmorphemeisonethatcannotstandbyitself.4.freemorphemeFreemorphemes:Thosewhichmayoccuralone,thatis,thosewhichmayconstitutewordsbythemselves,arefreemorphemes.5.AffixAffixisthecollectivetermforthetypeoffo
3、rmativethatcanbeusedonlywhenaddedtoanothermorpheme.6.inflectionalaffixInflectionalaffixes(屈折词缀)(inflectionalmorphemes):affixesattachedtotheendofwordstoindicategrammaticalrelationshipsareinflectional7.derivationalaffixDerivationalaffixes(派生词缀)A)prefix:Aprefixcomesbefore
4、words.B)suffixaprefixorsuffixaddedtoarootorstemtoformanotherword,asun-inunread,-nessinlikeness8.rootArootisthebasicformofawordwhichcannotbefurtheranalyzedwithouttotallossofidentity.9.stemAstemisthesurpluspartafterthecuttingofinflectionalmorphemeinawordwithinflectionalm
5、orphemes,canbefurtheranalyzed,itsometimescouldbearoot.10.ReferenceReferenceistheconventionalorarbitraryrelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld.Partofthewordmeaningisthereference.11.Motivation(理据):Motivationreferstotheconnectionbetweenthelinguisticsymbolanditsmeaning.Mos
6、twordsarenon-motivated.12.Conceptualmeaning(概念意义):alsoknownasdenotativemeaning(外延意义)Conceptualmeaningisoftendescribedasdictionarymeaningorliteralmeaningofaword.Itisthecoreofthemeaningofaword.13.grammaticalmeaning(语法意义):indicatethegrammaticalconcept(becomeimportantonlyi
7、nactualcontext)Grammaticalmeaningreferstothatpartofmeaningwhichindicatesgrammaticalrelationshipsorfunctions,suchastensemeaning,singularmeaning,etc14.associativemeaningAssociativemeaning(关联意义):AccordingtothesemanticanalysisofGeoffreyLeech,theassociativemeaningofanexpres
8、sionhastodowithindividualmentalunderstandingsofthespeaker.1.Hyponymy(上下义关系)Hyponymydealswiththerelationshipofsemantic
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