词汇学复习题(完整版)

《词汇学复习题(完整版)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、(最终完整版)I.DefinetheFollowingTerms.1.MorphemeMorpheme(语素):theminimalmeaningfulunit(thesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwords)2.allomorphAllomorph(语素变体):isadifferentvariantformofamorpheme，differinphonologicalandspellingform,butatthesameinfunctionandmeaning.Oneofthevariantsthatrealizeamorpheme3

2、.boundmorphemeBoundMorpheme(粘着语素):Aboundmorphemeisonethatcannotstandbyitself.4.freemorphemeFreemorphemes:Thosewhichmayoccuralone,thatis,thosewhichmayconstitutewordsbythemselves,arefreemorphemes.5.AffixAffixisthecollectivetermforthetypeofformativethatcanbeusedonlywhenaddedtoanothermorpheme.6.inflect

3、ionalaffixInflectionalaffixes(屈折词缀)(inflectionalmorphemes):affixesattachedtotheendofwordstoindicategrammaticalrelationshipsareinflectional7.derivationalaffixDerivationalaffixes(派生词缀)A)prefix:Aprefixcomesbeforewords.B)suffixaprefixorsuffixaddedtoarootorstemtoformanotherword,asun-inunread,-nessinlike

4、ness8.rootArootisthebasicformofawordwhichcannotbefurtheranalyzedwithouttotallossofidentity.9.stemAstemisthesurpluspartafterthecuttingofinflectionalmorphemeinawordwithinflectionalmorphemes,canbefurtheranalyzed,itsometimescouldbearoot.10.ReferenceReferenceistheconventionalorarbitraryrelationshipbetwe

5、enlanguageandtheworld.Partofthewordmeaningisthereference.11.Motivation(理据)：Motivationreferstotheconnectionbetweenthelinguisticsymbolanditsmeaning.Mostwordsarenon-motivated.12.Conceptualmeaning(概念意义):alsoknownasdenotativemeaning(外延意义)Conceptualmeaningisoftendescribedasdictionarymeaningorliteralmeani

6、ngofaword.Itisthecoreofthemeaningofaword.13.grammaticalmeaning（语法意义）:indicatethegrammaticalconcept(becomeimportantonlyinactualcontext)Grammaticalmeaningreferstothatpartofmeaningwhichindicatesgrammaticalrelationshipsorfunctions,suchastensemeaning,singularmeaning,etc14.associativemeaning6Associativem

7、eaning(关联意义):AccordingtothesemanticanalysisofGeoffreyLeech,theassociativemeaningofanexpressionhastodowithindividualmentalunderstandingsofthespeaker.1.Hyponymy(上下义关系)Hyponymydealswiththerelationshipofsemanti