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1、现代食品科技ModernFoodScienceandTechnology2009,Vol.25,No.3牡蛎酶解过程的成分变化及脱腥初步研究1,211223211叶盛权,吴晖,赖富饶,章超桦,钟敏,曾名勇,沈少飞,杨晋青,郭祀远(1.华南理工大学轻工与食品学院,广东广州510640)(2.广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东湛江524005)(3.中国海洋大学,山东青岛266003)摘要:对牡蛎原浆液、酶解液及其浓缩液的基本营养成分进行分析比较,分别采用了活性炭吸附、β-环状糊精包埋法和酵母发酵法对牡蛎酶解液进行脱腥,研究了温度、时间、pH和脱腥剂用量等对
2、脱腥效果的影响。结果表明:牡蛎蛋白质、水分含量分别为9.46%和81.42%;酶解后,蛋白质和水分含量分别为7.36%和83.18%;酶解液浓缩后,蛋白质含量高达52.55%。活性炭脱腥效果最优:用量为0.5%,在pH7.0、30℃条件下吸附0.5h,酶解液基本无腥味,蛋白质回收率可达84.65%。促进牡蛎酶解液的推广应用。关键词:牡蛎;蛋白质;酶解;脱腥中图分类号:TS254.1;文献标识码:A;文章篇号:1673-9078(2009)03-0262-03Studyondeodorizationofhydrolysatesandcompositio
3、nchangeduringenzymatichydrolysis1,211223YESheng-quan,WUHui,LAIFu-rao,ZHANGChao-hua,ZHONGMin,ZENGMing-yong,211SHENShao-fei,YANGJin-qing,GUOSi-yuan(1.CollegeofLightIndustryandFoodScience,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology,Guangzhou510640,China)(2.CollegeofFoodScienceandTechnology,G
4、uangdongOceanUniversity,Zhanjiang524005,China)(3.OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China)Abstract:Thebasicnutritionalcomponentswereanalyzedandcomparedwiththeoystermeat,thehydrolysatesandtheconcentration.Toeliminatethefishysmellofhydrolysates,theresearchrespectivelycomparedth
5、edeodorizationwithactivecarbon,β-cyclodextrinandyeastfermentationandstudiedtheeffectfordeodorizationofthetemperature,thetime,pHanddeodorizationdosage.Theresultindicatedthattheoystercontainedproteinandwaterwere9.46%and81.42%respectively.Therenzymolysiswere7.36%and83.18%respectiv
6、ely.Theproteincontentreachesashighas52.55%inconcentratedhydrolysate.Theactivecarbonhadthebesteffecttodeodorization.Thebestconditionswereadsorbing0.5h,dosage0.5%,pH7.0and30℃Thenthehydrolysatesdidnothavethefishysmellalmost,andtheproteinrecovery-ratioreached84.65%.Thetechnologywil
7、lpromotetheoysterhydrolysatetospreadapplication.Keywords:oyster;protease;enzymatichydrolysis;deodorization牡蛎(OxtrearivularisGould)是一种著名的海产贝种氨基酸、矿物质等营养成分,这些成分都是人生长类,全世界濒海各国几乎都有盛产,在我国沿海地区和代谢活动所必需的。牡蛎是海产品中的佼佼者,可均有生长,目前已发现牡蛎有100多种,中国沿海所产同人类最接近理想的食品——牛奶相媲美,在古代就的牡蛎约有20多种,作为主要的养殖种类有近江
8、牡蛎、已被认为是“海族中之最贵者”,牡蛎肉中蛋白质和糖褶皱牡蛎、长牡蛎、大连湾牡蛎和密鳞牡蛎等。牡蛎原含量分