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通州区2022—2023学年高一年级第二学期期末质量检测英语试卷本试卷共10页,共100分。考试时长90分钟,考生务必将答案答在答题卡上在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后,请将答题卡交回。第一部分:知识运用(共三节,37分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Boyceisafarmer’ssonandhecan’tseetheworld.Buttodaycomparedwithhim,evenalargenumberofnormalpeoplehavefallenbehind.Boycewasborn___1___andhisfamilywasverypoor.Hisfatherusedtodofarmworktosupporthisfamily.Whenhewasborn,theneighborsevenadvisedBoyce’sparentstogivehimupbecausetheythoughtthathewouldgrowuptobecomeaburdentothem.Luckilyhisparents___2___himanddecidedtotakegoodcareofhim.AsBoycegrewolder,hisfatherbegantoworryabouthisson’s___3___.Therewasnoschoolintheirvillage,sohisfathertriedhisbesttolethissonattendaspecialschoolfortheblindinthenearbycity.Afteryearsofhardwork,Boycegraduatedwith___4___grades,whichsurprisedeveryone.Hisparentswerealsoveryhappywithhisperformance.Theboywasthenencouragedtoworkharderathisstudies.However,Boycewasagainfacedwith___5___whenheappliedforentranceexamsofcolleges.Hewasnotallowedtotaketheexamsbecauseofhisphysicaldisability.Hisrequestwas___6___bymanylocalcolleges.Eventhen.Boycedidn’tgiveup.Heappliedforsomeforeignuniversitiesonlineand___7___becamethefirstinternationalblindstudentinaworld-famousuniversity.Aftergraduation,Boycereceivedmanyjoboffers,buthe___8___toreturntohismotherlandtostarthiscareer.HesetupBoycyIndustries,whichacceptedandtraineddisabledpeopletoproduceeco-friendlyproducts.Hereallybrought___9___changestoboththedisabledandtheenvironment.Boyceisagreat___10___forallofus.Hehasinspiredmanydisadvantagedpeopletoovercomedifficultiesandfollowtheirdreamsbravely.1.A.deafB.blindC.healthyD.lame2.A.acceptedB.receivedC.refusedD.forgave3.A.courageB.workC.luckD.education4.A.completeB.excellentC.usualD.terrible
5.A.supportB.protectionC.difficultyD.competition6.A.caredaboutB.turneddownC.calledonD.handedin7.A.likelyB.commonlyC.hardlyD.successfully8A.choseB.affordedC.forgotD.refused9.A.traditionalB.positiveC.limitedD.natural10.A.researcherB.partnerC.exampleD.talent第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)A阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Eightyearslater,LingraduatedfromPekingUnionMedicalCollege(PUMC)withtheWenhaiScholarship,thehighestprize___11___(give)tograduates.SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.Withinsixmonths,she___12___(name)achiefresidentphysician,apositionthatusuallytookfouryearstoachieve.Afterworkingforafewyears,shewassenttostudyinEuropeandthen,in1939,intheUS.Shegreatly___13___(impress)herAmericancolleagues,whoinvitedhertostay.DrLin,however,rejectedtheoffer.Shewantedtoservethewomenandchildrenathome.B阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Intheafternoon,Iheadedtoalocalmuseum___14___showedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia.IlearntthatAmericagotCaliforniafromMexicoin1848.Inthesameyear,goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco,whichstartedagoldrush.Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworld___15___(seek)theirfortune,andSanFranciscoquicklybecameabigcity.ManyChinesearrivedduringthisperiod.Toearnaliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.Manyothersfoundjobsonfarms,joinedthegoldrush,orwenttobuildtherailwaythatjoinedCaliforniatotheeasternregionofthecountry.Themuseumdidareallygoodjobof___16___(show)howAmericawasbuiltbyimmigrantsfromdifferentcountriesandcultures.___17___theseimmigrantslefttheircountries,theycarriedabitofhomeintheirheartsandbuiltanewhomehere.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。China’sspaceprogrammestartedlaterthanthoseofRussiaandtheUS,___18___ithasmadegreatprogress
inashorttime.Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldtoindependentlysendhumansintospacein2003,whenYangLiwei___19___(successful)orbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft.ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk,followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.Afterthat,ChinalaunchedtheTiangong2spacelabintospaceandTianzhou1todockwithit.ThissignaledonestepfurtherinChina’splantoestablishaspacestationinthefuture.Morerecently,China___20___(send)Chang’e4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomakemeasurementsandobservations.第三节从方框中选择合适的词语并用其适当的形式完成下列句子。(共7小题;每小题1分,共7分)从方框中选择合适的词语并用其适当的形式完成下列句子。runout,makeanattemptto,crashinto,bringabout,earnaliving,carryon,figureout21.Ithinkweshould________somewaystostoppeoplefrompollutingtheriverandcallonthemtofightagainstpollution.22.Don’tbrakesuddenly,thecarbehindmight________you.23.Firstyoushouldconsiderhowtoequipyourselfto________.24.Onlyactionscan________changes.25.Herbraveryhasgivenhimthewillto________withhislifeandhiswork.26.Youshould________resolvethisproblem,otherwiseyouwouldregret.27.Soon,themoneybeganto________andtheycouldn’taffordthelessonsanymore.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,32分)第一节(共11小题;每小题2分,共22分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AArbeiaRomanFort(城堡)andMuseumLocationandHistoryArbeiaRomanFortissituatedonHadrian’sWall.ItwasthemostimportantstructurebuiltbytheRomansinBritain,andnowithasbeenaWorldHeritage(遗产)Site.BuiltaroundAD160,ArbeiaRomanFortwasthemilitarysupplybaseforthesoldierswhowerestationedalongHadrian’sWall.Theforthasbeengradually
uncoveredandsomeoriginalpartshavebeenrevealed.TherearereconstructionsthatshowhowArbeiaRomanFortwouldhavelooked.TheReconstructionsThereconstructionsoftheCommandingOfficer’shouseandsoldiers’quartersarestrikinglydifferent.Theaccommodationforsoldiersisdarkanduncomfortable,whiletheCommandingOfficer’shouseisspaciousandluxurious,withcourtyardswithfountainsforhimandhisfamilytoenjoy.TheMuseumVisitthemuseumandseemanyobjectsthatwerefoundatArbeia.Theyarehistoricallyimportantandshowwhatdailylifewasreallylikeatthattime.Youwillseeweapons,tools,jewellery,andsoon.YoucanalsodiscoverhowtheRomansburiedtheirdeadandseetombstones(墓碑)whichsurvivetothisday.Thereisa“hands-on”areaallowingvisitorstodigonacertainsiteandstudytheirfindingswiththehelpofmuseumstaff.Youcanpiecetogetherpottery(陶器),ortrywritingjustastheRomanswouldhavedone.Forchildren,theycanbuildthisancientRomanfortwithbuildingblocksbythemselves.OpeningTimesandGettingThereApril1-October31:MondaytoSaturday10:00am-5:00pm,Sunday2:00pm-5:00pm.November1-March31:MondaytoSaturday11:00am-4:00pm,closedSunday.(ClosedDecember25-26andJanuary1)Entryisfree.Arbeiaisonlyaten-minutewalkfromthebusstationatSouthShields.Freecarparknearby.Website:www.twmuseums.org.uk/arbeia28.Accordingtothepassage,ArbeiaRomanFort________.A.wasrelatedtothemilitaryB.gotreconstructionsaroundAD160C.wasbuiltinasmallareainRomeD.providedacomfortablelifeforsoldiers29.Whatcanvisitorsdointhemuseum?A.Seehistoricalobjects.B.Buildtombstonesforthedead.C.WritetoancientRomans.D.Tryusingoldtoolsandweapons.
30.WhattimedoesArbeiaRomanFortclose?A.OnApril1.B.OnOctober31.C.OnNovember1.D.OnDecember26.BRecyclingElectronicWasteWhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hereadanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperwhichsaidthatpeoplewereburyingoldcomputersinbackyards,throwingTVsintostreams,anddumping(丢弃)cellphonesinthegarbage.Thiswasdangerousbecausee-wastecontainsharmfulchemicalsthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies—andpeople.AlexwasreallyworriedanddecidedtomakeitnextprojectforWIN—theWesterlyInnovationsNetwork.Alexandsixofhisfriendshadformedthisorganizationtohelpsolvecommunityproblemstwoyearsbefore.Butwhatcouldtheydoaboutthisprojectwithe-waste?Theteamspentseveralweeksgatheringinformationabouttheharmfulchemicalsine-wasteandtheireffectsonhumans.Theylearnedhowtodispose(处置)ofe-wasteproperlyandhowitcouldberecycled.Then,theysentoutasurveyandfoundonlyoneineightknewwhate-wastewas,letalonehowtoproperlydisposeofit.Alexandhisfriendswentintoaction.Theyadvertisedinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents,askingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.Thedrivelastedtwodays,andtheycollectedover9,500kilogramsofe-waste.Thenextstepwastosetupalong-terme-wastedrop-offcenterforthetown.Aftersomeresearch,they’dlearnedthatreusingisthebestwaytodealwithelectronicdevicesanditisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling.So,theybeganlearningtorefurbish(翻新)computersthemselvesanddistributedthemtostudentswhodidn’thavetheirown.Inthisway,theycouldhelpstudentsintheareaandprotecttheenvironmentatthesametime.Foralastingsolutiontoe-waste,thedrop-offcenterwasn’tenough.Lawswouldhavetobepassed.In2016,WINhelpedpushforane-wastebillintheirtown,whichrequiredcompaniesthatmanufacturedorsoldelectronicstotakebacke-waste.Thebillclearlyforbidsthedumpingofe-waste.BecauseoftheworkofWIN,moreandmorepeople,likeAlexandhisteam,aregettingthemessageaboutsafedisposalofe-waste.AsAlexsays,“Today’stechnologyshouldnotbecometomorrow’sharmfulgarbage.”31.WhatwasAlex’sworryafterhereadthearticle?A.Thelitteringofe-waste.B.Therecyclingofplastic.C.Thechangeofenvironment.D.Theoveruseofoldcomputers.
32.WhatdidAlexdotostarttheproject?A.SetupWIN.B.Collectinformation.C.Askfriendsforhelp.D.Carryoutasurvey.33.WhichcanbestdescribethewayAlexandhisteamdidtheirwork?A.Traditional.B.Competitive.C.Scientific.D.Convenient.34.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Thereisnoendtoperfection.B.Successcomesthroughfailure.C.Everypositiveattitudehasareward.D.Youngpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.CIsSpaceExplorationNecessary?Weseespaceexplorationupdatesinthenewsalmosteveryweeknow.Thisisgreatforthosewhowantafuturelikeinsciencefictionmovies.Ontheotherhand,somebelievespaceexplorationisnotnecessarybecausethereareafewreasonableconstoit.So,readfurthertoseewhatthespaceexplorationprosandconsare.It’struethatspaceexplorationtechnologiesarecostlyandconsumemanyresources.Onlylaunchingspaceexplorationsatellitestakesatleast$40millionperlaunchandcangoforasmuchas$400million.Analyzingsomespaceexplorationfacts,weareawarethatspaceexploringcostsalot.WhiletheUNsays$30billioncouldendworldhunger,NASAisbeingofferedaloteveryyear.Andthisisagoodargumentforthosewhoareagainstspaceexploration.Whilespaceexplorationishighlyimportantforlearningaboutwhoweare,someareworriedaboutwhatitcandotohumanity.Countriescanusetheirspacecraftsandsatellitestocollectinformationaboutothercountriesthey’reinconflictwith.Obviously,thiscanleadtotensionsbetweencountriesandeventuallytowars.Anotherissuethatspaceexplorationbringsisthatitposesagreatdangerforastronautsinvolvedinit.Nasamentionsinanarticlehowdamagingcosmic(外太空的)radiationisforthehumanbodybecauseitcandamagethenervoussystembothseverelyandinthelongrun.Besides,cosmicradiationsicknesscausesextremetiredness,nausea(呕吐感),anorexia,andvomiting.Fromthispointofview,spaceexplorationdoesputourastronautsatgreatrisks.However,preventivemeasuresaretaken,andtheirhealthiskeptincheckthroughintensivetraininganddailycheckups.Whileallpreviouslymentionedobservationsareverygoodandmakegreatpoints,spaceexplorationstillhas
morebenefitsthannegativeeffects.Itallowsustodevelopourtechnologies,whicharealreadyadvancedthankstospaceexploration.Moreover,byexploringspace,wecandiscovernewresourcesthatwecouldusetobetterourliveshereonEarth.Andanotherthingiscertainaswell:wecouldn’tbuildabetterfutureforourchildrenwithoutspaceexploration.35.WhydoestheauthorshowtheamountofmoneyspentonSpaceexplorationinParagraph2?A.Toshowthedisadvantageofspaceexploration.BToprovespaceexplorationishighlyimportant.C.TocriticizeNASAforspendingtoomuchmoney.D.Tocallonmoremoneytobespenttostopworldhunger.36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“poses”inParagraph4mean?A.Avoids.B.Provides.C.Causes.D.Prevents.37.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowards“spaceexploration”?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Opposed.D.Neutral.38.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tostresstheimportanceofspaceexploration.B.Toargueagainsttheadvanceofspaceexploration.C.Toshowpeople’sconcernabouttheastronauts’health.D.Tointroducetheproblemsthatspaceexplorationbringstopeople.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMakeSureYourIdeaDoesn’tDieGettinggreatideas?It’sEasyFollowinguponthemishard!____39____.Ask“Whydoesn’tthiswork”.Althoughhemighthavehadtheideaforit,SteveJobsdidn’tjusthavetheiPhone’suniquetouchscreeninasinglenight.Instead,hethoughtaboutthepresentsituationofsmartphonesandcontinuallyaskedasinglequestion:“Whydon’ttheywork?”____40____.___41___.Agoodroutineoftenhelpsyouputyourideasintoaction.ToniMorrison,anoutstandingwriter,hasamorespecialroutinecenteredondaylight.Sherisesataround5:00eachmorningtowatchthedawn.Forher,it’s
importanttowakebeforethelightandobservethetransition(转变)intoday.____42____.Whateveryouchooseasyourmorningroutine,consideritasthereliableframeworkthatgivesyouthebestidea.Don’tflyalone.Whenideasmeetinasharedphysicalormentalspace,creativeideasareboundtohappen—whichisgreat.Workinginasharedphysicalspacejustmighthelpyoufindyouridealcreativepartners.____43____.Besides,theymayprovidedetailedfocusthatmightnotbeyourstrongsuit.Ofcourse,partnersneedn’tpursueeverythingtogether.Acreativeconversationismoreuseful,whichcansetupaseriesofgoalstowardwhichtheindividualteammembersarefreetoworkontheirown.A.MakefulluseofyoursparetimeB.NeverignorethepowerofroutineC.TheycanstrengthenyourconfidenceandgivesomevaluablesuggestionsD.ThisonelittlequestionhelpedhimgetfromanideatoapracticalsolutionE.Hemakesagreatcontributionto“thelookandfeeloftheproduct”F.HerearesometipstomakesureyourgreatideabecomesarealityG.Sheconsidersitaspecialmomentthatinspireshertowrite第三部分:书面表达(共两节,31分)第一节(共4小题;第44、45题各2分,第46题3分,第47题4分,共11分)阅读下面的短文和问题,根据短文内容,在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息,完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。TheLandofSmiles:ABeginnersGuidetoEtiquette(礼仪)inThailandTo:JohnnyBoy0303@hotmail.comSender:Farang555@gmail.comSubject:RE:I’mcomingtoThailand!!!HeyJohnny!GreatnewsaboutyourvisittoThailand.Ishallrollouttheredcarpetforyourarrival!I’mstillhavingagreattimehere.It’sdifficulttoworkinthisheat,butthepeopleherearesokind,andlifeisgenerallyquiterelaxed,soitbeatsanotherrainywinterinScotland.Aboutyourquestions:1.Yes,youshouldlearnalittlebitofThaiifyoucan!It’snotaneasylanguagetospeakorread,butalittleeffortwillgoalongway.Thaisarereallyrespectfulpeople.Whentheygreetyou,they’llusuallyputbothoftheirhandstogether,andbowtheirheadalittlebit.Ifanyonedoesittoyou,it’sveryimportantthatyoudoitback.2.Yes,thefoodisspicy!Butit’ssodelicious.Thaisusealotofexoticingredientslikecoconut,lemongrass,
andlimeleaveswhenthey’recooking,soyougetsomereallyrichflavours.Actually,IthinkIneverwanttoeatBritishfoodagainafterlivinghere!Don’tworry—you’regoingtoloveit,andit’scheaptoo!3.Yes,thereareafewthingstobeawareof.Firstly,Thaislookattheheadasbeingsacred,sodon’tgoaroundpattingpeopleonthehead,notevenkids.Theheadisthehighestpartofthebody,andthefeetarethelowest,soguesswhat?Don’tdothingswithyourfeet.Iknowitsoundsstupid,butjustbecarefulthatyou’renotpointingyourfeetatpeopleorkickingthemtogettheirattentionoranythinglikethat,anddefinitelydonotputyourfeetupontablesorchairs—itwillbeconsideredveryrude.Ithinkit’sveryimportanttorememberthatThaislovetheirroyalfamilytoo,soyoushouldberespectfultowardsthat.Once,myfriendandIwerevisitingBangkok,andhedroppedacoin,Istampedonittostopitrolling,andsomepeopleseemedquiteangry,andwecouldn’tworkoutwhy.Ahotelstaffexplainedtous:Puttingmyfootonthecoinwaslikestampingonapictureoftheking!Wetoldthehotelstaffhowsorrywewere.Ithinkit’sreallyimportanttobeawareofthesethingsthatmightmeanalottootherpeopleeventhoughyouwouldneverthinkofthemyourself.Anyway,don’tworrytoomuch.Justbepoliteandrespectful.You’llhaveagreattimehere.LookingforwardtoseeingyouintheLandofSmiles!Archie44.WhatdoesthewriterfeelaboutThailand?________________________________________________________________________45.AccordingtothethirdanswerinArchie’semail,pleasewritedownthequestionthatJohnnymightask.________________________________________________________________________46.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.SomeThaisseemedquiteangrywhenseeingthewriterusehisfoottostopthecoinrollingbecauseitwouldn’twork________________________________________________________________________47.SupposeJohnnyiscomingtoChina.HeiscuriousaboutetiquetteinChinaandasksyouforhelp.Pleasewrite1or2tipsforhim.(Inabout40words)________________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)48.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。上周末你和你的英国朋友Jim约好了去看电影，但因在路上帮助了一位老人而错过了看电影，请你用英文给Jin写一封电子邮件。内容包括：1.表达歉意；
2.陈述原因；3.另约时间。注意：1.词数100左右。2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua
