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1、《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)UnitOneYouAreWhatYouThink1.Text2.Exercises3.SupplementaryReadingYouAreWhatYouThinkAndifyouchangeyourmind—frompessimismtooptimism—youcanchangeyourlifeClaipeSafrandoughnutn..炸面圈clichén.ideaorexpressionthathasbeentoomuchusedandisnowoutdated;stereotypedphrase;triteexpression陈
2、腔滥调scrutinizev..makeadetailedexaminationof细查，详审；审视[1]Doyouseetheglassashalffullratherthanhalfempty?Doyoukeepyoureyeuponthedoughnut﹡,notuponthehole?Suddenlytheseclichés﹡arescientificquestions,asresearchersscrutinize﹡thepowerofpositivethinking.[2]Afast-growingbodyofresearch—104studiessofar,i
3、nvolvingsome15000people—isprovingthatoptimism﹡canhelpyoutobehappier,healthierandmoresuccessful.Pessimism﹡leads,bycontrast,tohopelessness,sicknessandfailure,andislinkedtodepression﹡,lonelinessandpainfulshyness.optimism※n.beliefthatintheendgoodwilltriumphoverevil;tendencytolookuponthebrights
4、ideofthings;confidenceinsuccess乐观；乐观主义pessimism※n.tendencytobelievethattheworstthingismostlikelytohappen,thateverythingisessentiallyevil悲观；悲观主义depression※n.beingsad;lowspirit沮丧，抑郁"Ifwecouldteachpeopletothinkmorepositively,"sayspsychologist﹡CraigA.AndersonofRiceUniversity①inHouston②，"itwoul
5、dbelikeinoculatingthemagainstthesementalills."psychologistn.心理学家，研究心理学者[3]"Yourabilitiescount,"explainspsychologistMichaelF.Scheier①ofCarnegieMellonUniversity②inPittsburgh③,"butthebeliefthatyoucansucceedaffectswhetherornotyouwill."Inpart﹡,that'sbecauseoptimistsandpessimistsdealwiththesamec
6、hallengesanddisappointmentsinverydifferentways.inpart:tosomeextent在某种程度上[4]Take,forexample,yourjob.Inamajorstudy,psychologistMartinE.P①.SeligmanoftheUniversityofPennsylvania②andcolleaguePeterSchulmansurveyedsalesrepresentativesattheMetropolitan﹡LifeInsuranceCo.Theyfoundthatthepositive-thin
7、kersamonglongtimerepresentativessold37-percentmoreinsurancethandidthenegative-thinkers.Ofnewlyhiredrepresentatives,optimistssold20-percentmore.metropolitan※adj.oforinacapitalcity大城市的，大都会的，首府的[5]Impressed,thecompanyhired100peoplewhohadfailedthestandardindustryt
