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1、英汉、汉英长句 的翻译方法LongSentencesinTranslationLongSentencesinEnglish-ChineseTranslat1onItisnothingelsethanimpurities(杂质,不纯)prenatally(天然地)inherentinore(矿石)thatseriouslyaffectthequalityofthelatter,whichisformedasaresultofgeologicalvicissitudes(变化)includingdiastrophic(地壳变迁)movement,eruptionofvolca
2、no,sedimentation,glaciationandweatheringetc.,undertheactionofwhichpyrogenicrocks(火成岩),volcaniccomplex(火山杂岩),aqueousrocks(水成岩),sedimentaryrocks(沉积岩)etc.,comeintobeing,someofwhichexistinastageofsymbiosis(共生),themaincauseoftheabsenceofpurerocksinnature,whereinliesthereasonfortheneedofseparat
3、iontechnologyandapparatus(器械),namely,ore-dressingdevices(选矿装置)andequipment,(whichhasbeen)sofarimpotent(无能的)tomeettherequirementsofmetallurgical(冶金)industrythescientistsmakeeveryendeavortoelevatetoanewhighbylaser(激光)separation.Theprerequisitesforthecorrecthandlingoflongandcomplexsentencesi
4、nEnglish-Chinesetranslationlieinthetranslator’scorrectcomprehensionoftheoriginalandthetranslator’capabilityforadequaterepresentationofthethoughtoftheauthorinthelanguagetobetranslatedintoCorrectcomprehension,therefore,isalwaysthefirstandforemoststep;andthedialecticalunityoffaithfulnessands
5、moothnessisalwayswhatweshouldstrivetoachieve.英译汉长句翻译的关键在于两点：对原文的准确理解（Comprehension）恰如其分的表达（Presentation）Thismeanswehavetobeginwithacarefulanalysisofalongandcomplexsentenceinthelightofthecontextsoastounderstandclearly:whattheauthorisdrivingat;whathisargumentorviewsare,andwhat“logicsequence
6、”thereisintheoriginal;whatgrammaticalrelationsthereareamongthethree,four,five,orevenmore“modifiers”inthelongsentencetobetranslated.对原文的理解包括几个方面：原作者的意旨何在？作者的论点及它们之间的逻辑关系怎样？句与句之间的语法关系如何，各个修饰成分之间的关系又怎样？StageIComprehensionStepl:presentthelongsentenceinaskeletonformStep2:inferthemainideafromth
7、econtextandthewholetextStep3:distinguishbetweentheprincipalandsubordinateelementsStep4:findouttheinterrelationsbetweenprincipalandsubordinateclauses理解阶段可分为四个步骤：扼要拟出全句的轮廓；根据上下文和全句内容领会其要旨；辨清该长句的主从结构；找出各句之间的从属关系。StageIIPresentationStep5:enteronatentativetranslationofea
