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1、ThomasGray,RobertBurns,WilliamBlakePlanforThisPeriodReviewaboutlastclass:EnlightenmentNeoclassicismThomasGrayLiterarytrendforthisclass:SentimentalismPre-romanticismTheElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyardReviewabouttheEnlightenmentTheEnlightenmentMovement:aprogressiveintellectualmovem
2、entwhichflourishedfirstinFranceandsweptthroughthewesternEurope.ItisthefurtheranceoftheRenaissance.It’spurposewastoenlightenthewholeworldwiththelightofmodernphilosophicalandartisticideas.TheHumanistViewsandtheRationalRulesTheenlightenerscelebratedreasonorrationality,equalityandsci
3、ence.Theyheldthatrationalityorreasonshouldbetheonlycauseofanyhumanthoughtandactivities.Theycalledforareferencetoorder,reasonandrules.Theybelievedthatwhenreasonservedastheyardstickforthemeasurementofallhumanactivitiesandrelations,everysuperstition,injusticeandoppressionwastoyieldp
4、laceto“eternaltruth,”“eternaljustice,”and“naturalequality.”Theenlightenersalsoadvocateduniversaleducation.NeoclassicismTheResultofEnlightenmenttoLiteratureNeoclassicism:inthefieldofliterature,theEnlightenmentMovementbroughtaboutarevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks.Thistendenc
5、yisknownasneoclassicism.Accordingtotheneoclassicists,allformsofliteratureweretobemodeledaftertheclassicalworksoftheancientGreekandRomanwriters(Homer,Virgil(维吉尔),Horace(负拉),Ovid(奥维德),etc.)andthoseofthecontemporaryFrenchones.Theybelievedthattheartisticidealsshouldbeorder,logic.Rest
6、rainedemotionandaccuracy,andthatliteratureshouldbejudgedintermsofitsservicetohumanity.Thisbeliefledthemtoseekproportion,unity,harmonyandgraceinliteraryexpressions,inanefforttodelight,instructandcorrecthumanbeings,primarilyassocialanimals.Inthelastdecades,theneoclassicismwasrebell
7、edagainstorchallengedbythesentimentalistsandwasinduetimereplacedbyRomanticismSentimentalismSentimentalisminEnglishPoetry.Sentimentalismcameintobeingastheresultofabitterdiscontentamongtheenlightenedpeoplewithsocialreality.Dissatisfiedwithreason,whichclassicistsappealedto.sentiment
8、alistsappealedtosentimenttothehumanheart
