分析土地利用、地价与单中心城市空间结构关系.ppt

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1、LandUseandtheMonocentricCityChapter8TheMonocentricCityTypicalcityofthe19thCentury.IthasaheavyconcentrationofemploymentinthecentralcoreareaKeyfeatureisaheavyconcentrationofemploymentinthecentralcorearea.WhystudytheMonocentricCity:HistoricalPerspectiveSmallandMediumareMonocentricc

2、itiesUnderstandthetransitiontothemoderncityManylessonsofMCcanbeexpandedtomoderncitiesCharacteristicsoftheMonocentricCityIntercityTransportation→CentralExportNode.Aport,orrailwaystationislocatedatthecenterofthecity.Fromtherethecityfirmssendtheirproductionofgoodxtoothercities(Trai

3、n).Intra-CityTransportation.Manufacturingfirmstransporttheiroutputadistanceufromtheplanttotheexportnode,atacostofpermile(Horse-drawnwagons).WorkersCommutingCosts.Workersliveoutsidethecentraldistrictandcommutetotheirplaceofwork(streetcar).AgglomerationEconomies.Officeindustryreli

4、esonface-to-faceinteractions.TheBid-RentFunctionTheBid-RentFunction:TheBid-Rentisthehypotheticalpricethatthefirmorhouseholdwouldpayforapieceoflandforagivenlevelofprofitsorutility.ThedifferencebetweenBid-RentFunctionandLandRentisthatLand-Rentisderivedfromthemarketpriceanditisobse

5、rved,whileBid-Rentfunctionisnotobserved.Strategyoftoday’sclass:Calculatethebid-rentfunctionof:ManufacturingFirms(Produceagoodx)OfficeFirms(ProducesFconsultations)Theygather,processanddistributeinformation.Theyrelyonfacetofacecontacttoprovidetheirservices.Households(Commutetowork

6、incentralcity)Eachoftheseagentswilllocatewherethayarewillingtopaythehighestrent.TheBidRentFunctionofManufacturingFirmsFixedFactorsofProduction.Eachfirmusesoneacreoflandanddollarsofnon-landinputs,toproducexunitsofoutputpertimeperiod.OutputpricePxisfixed.CompetitiveMarkets,Noentry

7、barriersandeconomicprofitsarezero.Transportationcostsperunitofoutputfromplanttoexportnode(distanceu)arepermile.TheBidRentFunctionofManufacturingFirms(Cont)FirmsProblemis:andbecauseoftheleftoverprinciple,thebidrentfunctionbecomes:DistancefromCenteru$Slope:txXInputSubstitutionRemo

8、veFFPassumptionForhigherlandpricesfirmswillsubs