查尔斯希尔 《国际商务》课件Chap001 Globalization.pdf

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1、InternationalBusiness7ebyCharlesW.L.HillMcGraw-Hill/IrwinCopyright©2009byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Chapter1Globalization1.1WhatIsGlobalization?∑Case:CocaCola∑Theworldismovingawayfromself-containednationaleconomiestowardaninterdependent,integratedglobaleconomicsystem∑Globaliza

2、tionreferstotheshifttowardamoreintegratedandinterdependentworldeconomyGlobalizationhastwofacets:1)theglobalizationofmarkets2)theglobalizationofproduction1-31.1.1TheGlobalizationOfMarkets∑Theglobalizationofmarketsreferstothemergingofhistoricallydistinctandseparatenationalmarketsintoonehugeglobalm

3、arketplace∑Inmanyindustries,itisnolongermeaningfultotalkaboutthe“Germanmarket”orthe“Americanmarket”∑Instead,thereisonlytheglobalmarket1-4TheGlobalizationOfMarkets∑Fallingtradebarriersmakeiteasiertosellinternationally∑Thetastesandpreferencesofconsumersareconvergingonsomeglobalnorm∑Firmshelpcreate

4、theglobalmarketbyofferingthesamebasicproductsworldwide1-5ClassroomPerformanceSystemTheshifttowardamoreintegratedandinterdependentworldeconomyisreferredtoasa)economicintegrationb)economicinterdependencyc)globalizationd)internationalization1-61.1.2TheGlobalizationOfProduction∑Theglobalizationofpro

5、ductionreferstothesourcingofgoodsandservicesfromlocationsaroundtheglobetotakeadvantageofnationaldifferencesinthecostandqualityoffactorsofproductionlikeland,labor,andcapital∑Companiescompetemoreeffectivelybyloweringtheiroverallcoststructureorimprovingthequalityorfunctionalityoftheirproductofferin

6、g1-7ClassroomPerformanceSystemThemergingofhistoricallydistinctandseparatenationalmarketsintoonehugeglobalmarketplaceisknownasa)globalmarketfacilitationb)cross-bordertradec)supranationalmarketintegrationd)theglobalizationofmarkets1-8ClassroomPerformanceSystemFirmsthatareinvolvedininternationalbus

7、inesstendtobea)largeb)smallc)medium-sizedd)large,small,andmedium-sized1-91.2TheEmergenceOfGlobalInstitutionsInstitutionsareneededto:∑helpmanage,regulate,andpolicetheglobalmarketplace∑promotetheestablishmentofmultinationaltre