《国际商务希尔》ppt课件

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1、InternationalBusiness7ebyCharlesW.L.HillMcGraw-Hill/IrwinCopyright©2009byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Chapter2NationalDifferencesinPoliticalEconomyPoliticalSystemsThepoliticaleconomyofanationreferstohowthepolitical,economic,andlegalsystemsofacountryareinterdependent;theyinter

2、actandinfluenceeachother,andindoingsotheyaffectthelevelofeconomicwell-beingPoliticalSystemsPoliticalsystemreferstothesystemofgovernmentinanationPoliticalsystemscanbeassessedaccordingtotwodimensionsthedegreetowhichtheyemphasizecollectivismasopposedtoindividualismthedegreetowhichtheyaredemocrat

3、icortotalitarianCollectivismAndIndividualismCollectivismreferstoapoliticalsystemthatstressestheprimacyofcollectivegoalsoverindividualgoalsCollectivismcanbetracedbacktotheGreekphilosopher,Plato(427-347BC),butinmoderntimes,collectivismisequatedwithsocialistsCollectivismAndIndividualismSocialist

4、sadvocatestateownershipofthebasicmeansofproduction,distribution,andexchangeState-ownedenterprisesaremanagedtobenefitsocietyasawhole,ratherthanindividualcapitalistsIntheearly20thcentury,socialismsplitinto:Communism–socialismcanonlybeachievedthroughviolentrevolutionandtotalitariandictatorshipSo

5、cialdemocrats–socialismisachievedthroughdemocraticmeansClassroomPerformanceSystemApoliticalsystemthatstressestheprimacyofcollectivegoalsoverindividualgoalsiscalleda)individualismb)collectivismc)ademocracyd)amarketeconomyCollectivismAndIndividualismBythemid-1990s,communismwasinretreatworldwide

6、SocialdemocracyisalsoretreatingasmanycountriesmovetowardfreemarketeconomiesState-ownedenterpriseshavebeenprivatizedClassroomPerformanceSystem_____believe(s)thatsocialismcanonlybeachievedthroughviolentrevolutionandtotalitariandictatorship.a)communistsb)socialdemocratsc)socialrepublicansd)Plato

7、CollectivismAndIndividualismIndividualismreferstophilosophythatanindividualshouldhavefreedominhisowneconomicandpoliticalpursuitsIndividualismcanbetracedtoGreekphilosopher,Aristotle(384-322BC),whoarguedthatindividualdiversityandprivateownershi