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1、Chapter12The‘mixedeconomy’–Whatandwhy?Nationalisation/Privatisationp289,p294MajorresourcesandindustriesTheCityofLondonasaworldfinancialcenterp13,p291,p304-305Resourcesofgovernment’srevenuep295-296Terms:a.Joint-stockcompanies“limitedliability”:aninvestor’sliabilitytodebtislimitedtotheextentof
2、theirshareholdingPrivatecompanies/publiccompaniesp293b.“progressivetaxationsystem”p296c.‘BigBang’(p292),VAT(p296)DomesticEconomyFinance,asitwere,thestomachofthecountry,fromwhichalltheotherorganstaketheirtone.W.E.Gladstone(1809-1898,Britishpolitician),ArticlesonFinanceTheCityofLondonTheCityof
3、Londonisattheheartoftheworld’sfinancialmarkets.Itisauniqueconcentrationofinternationalexpertiseandcapital,withasupportivelegalandregulatorysystem,anadvancedcommunicationsandinformationtechnologyinfrastructureandanunrivalledconcentrationofprofessionalservices.TheCityofLondonhasthegreatestconc
4、entrationofforeignbanksintheworld.abankingsectorthataccountsforthelargestshare-almostone-fifth-oftotalinternationalbanklending.oneoftheworld’sbiggestinternationalinsurancemarkets.theworld’slargestforeignexchangemarket.thelargestcentreintheworldfortradingoverseasequities.oneoftheworld’smostim
5、portantfinancialderivativesmarkets.theprincipalmarketsfortransactionsinalargenumberofcommodities.acomprehensiverangeofancillaryandsupportservices,includinglegal,accountancyandmanagementconsultancy.ahistoryofinnovationandflexibility,whichcontributestoLondon’sstrengthasafinancialcentre.TheCity
6、ofLondontheBankofEnglandtheLondonStockExchangetheMillenniumBridgeEconomicpolicy1946-1982:“Keynesiancountercyclicaleconomicpolicies(fiscalandmonetarycontrols,currency,exchangerates,interestrate–Stop-Go（时行时止，快速启动和停止）Thatcherism:privatization,“supply-sideeconomics”（供应经济学）,lessgovernmentinterven
7、tion,moretrustinthemarketsystembasedontaxcutsBlair’sgovernment:marketincentives–resourceuseandservicedelivery;governmentintervention–morefocusedandrestrictedinthecontextoftheEU,globalizationEconomicpolicy“Inpoliticsifyouwantanythingsaid,askaman.Ify
