英国社会与文化复习重点(2)

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1、Unit11.ThefullnameofBritainistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.2.TheUKismadeupofEngland,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.Q:WhatarethethreemostdescriptivewordsyouassociatemostwithBritishpeople?Reserved，modest，humorousUnit21.QueenElizabethⅡis“Defenderofthefaith”,becaus

2、esheisthesupremegovernorofChurchofEnglandanddefendsthefreedomofthefaith.她是英国教会的最高统治者，捍卫信仰自由2.TheexecutivepowerisinthehandsofPrimeMinister.3.Nicknamesofthekingsorqueens:MaryⅠ,ElizabethⅠ,RichardⅠ,EdwardⅠ,WilliamⅠMaryⅠ---------BloodyMary（Becauseofthenumbersofprotestantsexecutives）Eliz

3、abethⅠ-----VirginQueen（Becauseshenevermarried.）RichardⅠ-------the“lionheart”（BecausehewasfamousforhisexploitsinthethirdCrusade.）EdwardⅠ-------longshanks（becausehehadlonglegs）WilliamⅠ-------theconqueror（he was the victor at the Battle of Hasting）Q:Whatarethequeen’sstatefunctions?①Th

4、eQueenapprovestheappointmentofMinistersandtheformationofacabinet.女王批准任命部长，并组建内阁②TheQueensummonsParliamentandintroducesthesessionwithaspeechfromtheThroneinwhichshesummarizesthegovernment’sprogram.女王召唤议会并用一场演讲介绍政府计划③TheQueengivesherassenttoBillsbeforetheybecomelaw.法案成为法律之前要得到女王的同意④Th

5、eQueenconcludestreatiesanddeclareswar,makesappointmentstoallofficesofStateandChurch,dismissParliamentwhenthegovernmenthasbeendefeatedorhasreachedtheendofitsterm,andchoosesanewPrimeMinister.宣布战争⑤TheQueenisinformedandconsultedoneveryaspectofnationallife.关心国民生活⑥TheQueensignsdocumentsa

6、ndreceivesambassadorsandimportantvisitorsfromabroad.外交Unit31.Theconstitution:statuelaws,commonlawsandconventions.statuelaws:passedbyParliamentcommonlaws:beestablishedthroughcommonpracticeinthecourtsconventions:whicharerulesandpracticeswhichdonotexistlegally,butareneverthelessregard

7、edasvitaltotheworkingsofgovernment.2.TheparliamenttodayconsistsoftheQueen,theHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.3.Lifepeers:theLordshavebeenappointedbythesovereign,atthesuggestionofthePrimeMinister.上议院由君主任命,在总理的建议4.MP:thememberofParliamentwhoiselectedbyandrepresentsanelectoraldistric

8、tofBritainknownasaconstitu