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1、ArchivesofVirologyArchivesofVirology73,1--13(1982)©bySpringer-Verlag1982IsolationofaEoronavirusDurin9StudiesonPuffinosis,aDiseaseoftheManxShearwater(Pu//inuspu/[inus)ByP.A.NVTTALLandK.A.HARRArNEgCInstituteofVirology,Oxford,UnitedKingdomWith4FiguresAcceptedApril23,1982Su
2、mmaryAviruswasisolatedfrom2day-oldmiceinoculatedwithhomogenatesofeitherthelungsorbloodof2differentshearwatersaffectedbypuffinosis.Exam-inationofinfectedsucklingmousebrainandinfectedNCTC-1469(mouseliver)cellcultures,byelectronmicroscopy,revealedvirusparticlesandinclusion
3、bodiescharacteristicofacoronavirus.Neutralization,complementfixationandfluorescentantibodytestsshowedthattheviruswasrelatedtomousehepatitisvirus.Theviruswasnotisolatedfrom445control,uninfectedmice.Neutralisingantibodieswerenotdetectedin39serafromdiseasedshearwatersand2s
4、erafromapparentlyhealthybirds.Twoshearwatersinoculatedwiththevirusdidnotdevelopclinicalsignsofinfection.Thequestionofwhethertheviruswasisolatedfromshearwatersorfromlaboratorymiceisdiscussed.IntroductionPuffinosisisadiseaseoftheManxshearwater,Puffinusp.puffinus.Thediseas
5、eaffectsshearwatersbreedingontwoislands,SkomerandSkokholm,offthesouth-westcoastofWales.Themostcommonclinicalsignofpuffinosisisblistersonthewebsofthefeet(5,6,11),althoughconjunctivitisandlockingoftheanklejointofthelegs(describedas"extensorspasm"[5])havealsobeenobserved(8
6、).MIL~SandSTOKER(1948)isolatedaninfectiousagentfrombloodandblisterfluidofshearwaterssufferingfrompuffinosis.Theagentproducedcharacteristichistologicalchangesinthechorio-allantoicmembraneoffertilehens'eggs,andblistersinducklingsandpigeons;filtrationstudiesindicatedthatit
7、wasofthesizeorderofavirus.Althoughpuffinosisaffectsshearwatersthroughouttheirbreedingseason(Nuttall,P.A.,Harrap,K.A.,andPerrins,C.M.;unpublishedobservation),thediseaseismostapparentduringlateAugustandSeptemberwhenitoccursasanepizooticinfledglings;atleast75percentofaffec
8、tedbirdsdie.Wearestudyingpuffinosisbecause,unlikemanyepizooticsinwildanimalpopulations,1Arch.Virol.73/10304-86
